What Happened on September 8?

  • US President Nixon was pardoned for his role in the Watergate Scandal. (1974) US President Gerald R. Ford, who took office when Nixon resigned, gave Nixon an unconditional pardon for crimes he might have committed while in office. The executive pardon was met with controversy, but President Ford defended his decision, stating that he wanted to bring closure to the Watergate Scandal that had divided the nation. He later was awarded the Profile in Courage Award for the pardon from the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation.

  • The US Pledge of Allegiance was first recited. (1892) The Pledge, which was written by Baptist minister Francis Bellamy, was also published on this day in The Youth's Companion children's magazine. School's began having children recite the pledge on October 12th that same year.

  • The deadliest hurricane in US history hit Galveston, Texas. (1900) The Galveston Hurricane caused more than 8,000 deaths, making it the deadliest in US history and the third deadliest of any hurricane on the Atlantic Ocean in world history.

  • Internet users saw the first law suits for downloading shared music content. (2003) The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) started filing copyright lawsuits for illegally downloaded MP3 music files. The RIAA had already started suing the file sharing sites in efforts to get them to shut down. This new strategy involved suing individual users, many of whom were children.

  • Italy's surrender to the Allied Forces in World War II was announced by US President Dwight D. Eisenhower. (1943) Under the leadership of Benito Mussolini, Italy had allied with Hitler starting in 1936. Mussolini was relieved of his power in July 1943. Marshal Pietro Badoglio assumed leadership and began negotiations with President Eisenhower, leading to a secret surrender on September 3rd.

  • Michaelangelo's sculpture David was unveiled. (1504) The Renaissance statue was unveiled in Florence, Italy, at the Palazzo della Signoria. The statue was moved in 1873 to the Accademia Gallery for preservation; it still is displayed there today.

  • Spanish settlers founded St. Augustine, Florida — the oldest European settlement in North America to be continuously occupied. (1565) Pedro Menéndez de Avilés founded the city, which is also the oldest port in the United States.

  • The Treaty of San Francisco was signed by 48 countries. (1951) The treaty established peace between the 47 nations and Japan, bringing an end to the Pacific War.

  • The first gay man in the US military made a stand for gay rights. (1975) Leonard Matlovich, a Tech Sergeant in the US Air Force and a decorated Vietnam War veteran, posed in uniform for the cover of Time magazine with the headline, "I Am A Homosexual." In October 1975, Matlovich was given a general discharge after he refused to sign a document agreeing to "never practice homosexuality again."

  • Invisible tape made its first appearance. (1930) The packaging company 3M started marketing its new brand of transparent Scotch tape, changing present-wrapping practices worldwide.

Discussion Comments

Chmander

While I don't quite remember what year this changed, has anyone else noticed that the US Pledge of Allegiance isn't recited anymore, especially in public schools? It really seems like a thing of the past, and a tradition that people have moved on from. Correct me if I'm wrong, but isn't one reason why it's not cited anymore because America isn't in a position to represent what's being stated? Lastly, the pledge mentions one nation under God. People who aren't religious may find this a bit uncomfortable. Overall, I believe these are some of the reasons why the pledge of allegiance isn't said in public schools anymore. Although it's quite a shame, time and traditions change.

Viranty

I haven't heard of this brand, but I'm intrigued to know what invisible tape is. Obviously, it probably doesn't make things invisible. However, going by its name, you can tell that its a special adhesive. Next time I go to the store, I will be checking it out. On a final note, considering how it's been around since 1930, it really shows just how popular it is. I'm surprised I haven't heard of it until now, but regardless, it should be interesting to do some research on.

Krunchyman

Wow, I didn't know that the first internet lawsuits for music was as recent as 2003. That's barely even 10 years ago. Maybe they didn't catch it before because they either lacked the technology, or didn't care enough. However, with the emergence of social media and other things on the web, it's definitely something that people have to take precautions about. Besides, even if you don't get caught, does that make it right? No, it doesn't. The funny thing is though, that in this day and age, it seems more common than it ever has been, and yet you don't hear many stories about people getting caught. Maybe it's a case that since "everyone" is doing it, it's hard to catch them all, unless the criminal puts a target on him/herself.

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