What Is a Bark Anole?

A bark anole is a small lizard that lives on the trunks and branches of trees. Bark anoles are native to Hispaniola, but colonies have long been established in southern Florida in the United States and in parts of South America. Anoles are sometimes confused with chameleons because of their ability to adapt their coloration to their environment. A bark anole is usually grayish brown with mottled markings, and it is difficult to spot on a tree trunk or branch.

Bark anoles are small; adults reach about 5 inches (about 12 cm) in length. They are slender with long tails that will detach if they are frightened. A bark anole can spend much of its life on a single tree and will subsist on the ants, aphids and mosquitoes that it finds within the bark layers.

The most colorful part of the bark anole is the dewlap, which is a yellow or orange pouch of extra skin under its throat. During mating rituals, the male will puff up the dewlap to show off its coloring. The bulk of the lizard’s adaptive coloration is generally gray, brown or dull green, depending on its environment.

Anoles are tropical lizards. Caring for anoles in captivity requires ultraviolet and heat lights to maintain hot temperatures during the day and warm temperatures at night. Humidity should be kept high at all times. Bark anoles should be kept in a tall tank with mulch on the ground and a log or large branch for climbing. An assortment of plants that are well misted can help maintain a humid environment.

In the wild, bark anoles drink moisture that they find on leaves. Misting the tank’s plants daily will provide adequate water for anoles kept as pets. They also should be fed daily and will accept wild caught insects as well as small crickets and sometimes mealworms. Some people have had success in introducing small amounts of greens and fruit into their bark anole’s diet as well.

These lizards are very nervous and do not enjoy being handled. They also are quite fragile. Their toes can easily be broken if they are pulled away from clothing. If a person is bitten by a bark anole, it is best for him or her to wait until the lizard releases its grip, to minimize any possible damage to the anole's jaw or teeth. Although they are relatively easy to care for in captivity, one should bear in mind that bark anoles typically are not pets that enjoy lots of interaction with their keepers.

The Bark Anole, scientifically known as Anolis distichus, is a species of lizard native to the Bahamas and the Greater Antilles. It thrives in a variety of habitats, from forests to urban areas, and is known for its excellent camouflage that allows it to blend seamlessly with tree bark.

Bark Anoles have developed remarkable adaptations to evade predators, including a flattened body and bark-like patterns on their skin. This cryptic coloration enables them to hide from birds and larger reptiles. They can also change color to a degree, further aiding in their concealment against different backgrounds.

Bark Anoles are insectivorous, primarily feeding on a diet of small arthropods like insects and spiders. Their hunting strategy involves patiently waiting for prey to come close before striking with their quick reflexes and sticky tongues, which are well-suited for capturing small, fast-moving insects.

Bark Anoles engage in a seasonal breeding cycle, with males displaying their dewlaps—a colorful throat fan—to attract females. After mating, females lay single eggs in secluded spots on or near the ground. These eggs hatch into miniature versions of the adults, ready to climb and blend into their arboreal habitat.

Bark Anoles are generally solitary animals, coming together only to mate. They are territorial, with males often engaging in displays of aggression to defend their space. These displays include head-bobbing, push-ups, and extending their dewlaps to deter rivals without resorting to physical combat.

Bark Anoles face threats from habitat destruction due to human activities such as deforestation and urbanization. Additionally, they are at risk from introduced predators like cats and rats. Conservation efforts are important to maintain their populations, especially in areas where their natural habitat is being reduced.