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What are the Signs of Seizures in Cats?

Debra Durkee
Debra Durkee

Seizures in cats are not uncommon, and may or may not be a manifestation of a more serious problem. Recognizing the signs is a crucial step in being able to correct something wrong in the cat's diet, environment, or health. The first thing is to be familiar with the cat's typical, everyday behavior, and be on the lookout for anything abnormal.

Many cats will display a change in their behavior before the seizures set in. They may meow with a distinct, unfamiliar call, or seem abnormally distant or aloof. Some cats may appear to forget where they are and what is going on around them, and may not respond to their names or any other stimulus. Cats that are typically standoffish may become strangely friendly, while friendly cats may want nothing to do with their human companions or other animals. This typically lasts only a few minutes before the seizure starts, allowing for little time to get the cats to a place where they will not injure themselves when they lose control of their body and muscle movements.

Cats who experience severe seizures should be checked out by a veterinarian.
Cats who experience severe seizures should be checked out by a veterinarian.

There are different grades of seizures in cats. Small ones can be difficult to detect, and may only involve brief facial twitching or small, localized muscle spasms. Other seizures can result in the cat's loss of control of muscles and voluntary and involuntary movements. This can manifest itself in an inability to stand, drooling, or a loss of bladder control. This type of seizure often begins with a shivering that seizes the cat's entire body.

Many cats will display a change in their behavior before the seizures set in.
Many cats will display a change in their behavior before the seizures set in.

Whatever the reason, seizures in cats can last anywhere from a few moments to hours. Pre-seizure behavior is often a sign that the cat knows there is something wrong, and is looking for reassurance. Cats will lose awareness of themselves and of their surroundings during a seizure, so they will generally not know anyone is there for them while they are in the midst of a seizure. This is called the ictus phase.

Seizures in cats can be frightening, and after the seizure has passed, they will likely be disoriented and confused. They may lose their sight, and while this can last several days after the seizure, it is typically only a temporary condition. A seizure can be a sign of a serious, underlying problem, so recognizing the symptoms of seizures in cats is vital; a careful record of symptoms, duration, and aftermath of a seizure can help veterinarians come to the correct diagnosis, as it is unlikely that they will see the seizure themselves.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the initial signs that a cat may be having a seizure?

Initial signs of a seizure in cats can include behavioral changes such as restlessness, hiding, or seeking attention unusually. Physically, you might notice twitching, loss of consciousness, and involuntary muscle movements. Cats may also experience the pre-ictal phase, where they appear disoriented or dazed before the seizure occurs.

How can I tell if my cat's unusual movements are a seizure or just normal behavior?

Seizures are typically characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled bursts of activity, such as jerking or stiffening of muscles, which are not seen in normal feline behavior. During a seizure, a cat may also exhibit loss of consciousness, drooling, or loss of bladder/bowel control, which are clear indicators that the behavior is not normal and requires veterinary attention.

Can seizures in cats occur while they are asleep?

Yes, seizures can occur during any state of consciousness, including sleep. A cat may experience convulsions or muscle twitching while sleeping, and it may wake up abruptly due to a seizure. Observing your cat's sleep patterns and looking for any unusual movements can help identify seizures that occur during rest.

Are seizures in cats life-threatening?

While a single, short seizure may not be immediately life-threatening, seizures can be indicative of underlying health issues that require attention. Prolonged or recurrent seizures, known as status epilepticus, are a medical emergency and can be life-threatening. Immediate veterinary care is crucial to prevent complications and determine the cause.

What should I do if I suspect my cat is having a seizure?

If you suspect your cat is having a seizure, remain calm and ensure the environment is safe by removing any objects that could harm your cat. Do not attempt to restrain your cat or put anything in its mouth. Time the seizure, and once it has passed, keep your cat warm and quiet while you contact your veterinarian for further instructions.

Can diet or medication help manage seizures in cats?

Diet and medication can play significant roles in managing seizures in cats. Anticonvulsant medications prescribed by a veterinarian can help control seizures. In some cases, dietary adjustments or supplements may be recommended based on the underlying cause of the seizures. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as needed.

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    • Cats who experience severe seizures should be checked out by a veterinarian.
      By: Monkey Business
      Cats who experience severe seizures should be checked out by a veterinarian.
    • Many cats will display a change in their behavior before the seizures set in.
      By: Sarah Fields
      Many cats will display a change in their behavior before the seizures set in.