Vitreous degeneration, also known as PVD, or peripheral vitreous degeneration, is a type of eye condition that can affect humans as well as other animals, notably household pets. With eye problems of this type, the vitreous is unable to properly function, allowing the retina to shift out of position when the head is shifted suddenly. A gelatin-like substance that is located behind the lens in the eye, the degeneration of the vitreous can lead to serious vision problems, up to and including blindness.

Along with humans, several species of animal have been identified as candidates for the development of vitreous degeneration. Dogs and cats are almost as susceptible to the condition as humans. Horses and pigs have also demonstrated a high risk factor for the development of this type of eye disease. In many cases, the condition can progress to the point that the retina becomes detached.

The exact causes for vitreous degeneration are a matter of debate. However, there does appear to be a link between this type of problem and the occurrence of uveitis, an inflammation of the eye, in dogs, cats, and horses. In addition, any injury that affects the integrity of the vitreous itself can lead to a decreased ability to protect the retina and hold it in place.

Treatment of vitreous degeneration in both humans and animals requires careful monitoring in order to track the progress. Ophthalmologists can sometimes make use of laser surgery to help stabilize the position of the retina; this is especially true when the underlying cause for the eye problem is an injury of some sort. The surgery not only helps to prevent the retina from becoming detached, but also can make it possible for the vitreous to begin regenerating.

A key aspect of effective vitreous degeneration treatment involves regular eye examinations. In the case of pets, a breeding examination known as a CERF examination can sometimes identify the problem in its early stages. Early detection is very important, in that the beginning degeneration may be traced back to some type of ailment that can be treated, effectively stopping the degradation of the vitreous before it has a chance to progress to the point of affecting the position of the retina.

For humans, identifying the condition early on can help develop a course of treatment that may include lifestyle changes as well as the possibility of undergoing corrective eye surgery before any damage to the retina may occur. Only a trained ophthalmologist can properly diagnose and treat an eye disorder of this type.