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What is the Cockney Dialect?

Mary McMahon
Mary McMahon
Mary McMahon
Mary McMahon

The cockney dialect is an English dialect spoken in the East End of London, although the area in which it is spoken has shrunk considerably. It is typically associated with working class citizens of London, who were called cockneys, and it contains several distinctive traits that are known to many English speakers, as the dialect is rather famous. Some students of linguistics have become concerned that the cockney dialect may fall out of spoken English, due to the influence of multicultural immigrants in London who have added their own regional slang and speech patterns to the dialect.

The term “cockney” comes from a Middle English word, cokenei, which means “city dweller.” It is probably derived from a medieval term referring to the runt of a litter or clutch of eggs, which was used pejoratively to refer to people living in the then crowded, disease ridden, and dirty cities. The distinctive accent of working class Londoners, especially those living in the East End, was remarked upon by observers as long ago as the 17th century.

Woman with a flower
Woman with a flower

The primary characteristics of cockney dialect include the dropping of the letter “H” from many words, the use of double negatives, contractions, and vowel shifts which drastically change the way words sound. In addition, many consonants or combinations are replaced with other sounds, as is the case in “frushes” for “thrushes.” In some cases, the final consonant of a word is also dropped, for example “ova” for “over.” Many of the traits of cockney speech suggest the lower classes to some observers; for example, the use of “me” to replace “my” in many sentences is usually associated with a less than perfect understanding of the English language.

One of the more unique aspects of cockney speech is cockney rhyming slang. Although rhyming slang is not used as extensively as some fanciful individuals might imagine, aspects of it are certainly used in daily speech. In cockney rhyming slang, a word is replaced with a phrase, usually containing a word which rhymes with the original word, for example “dog and bone” for “telephone.” Often, a word from the phrase is used as shorthand to refer to the initial word, as is the case with “porkies” for “lies,” derived from the rhyming slang “porkies and pies.”

Cockney speech can be extremely difficult to understand, especially for Americans, as it is littered with word replacements thanks to rhyming slang, cultural references, and shifts in vowels and consonants which can render words incomprehensible to the listener. Like other unique dialects, a thick cockney accent can seem almost like another language. Care should also be taken when attempting to mimic it, as the cockney dialect can be very slippery, especially when it comes to the use of rhyming slang, and native users may be confused or amused by the attempts of a non-native.

Mary McMahon
Mary McMahon

Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a LanguageHumanities researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.

Learn more...
Mary McMahon
Mary McMahon

Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a LanguageHumanities researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.

Learn more...

Discussion Comments

anon276384

I am a cockney, not a bad attempt in post. no. 2, but slightly exaggerated.

How about this?

"I've just spilt a loada rosy (rosy lee) daan me jekylls (jekyll and hide = strides = trousers) an naa there bleedin filfy!"

I've just spilled a load of tea down my trousers and now they are bleeding filthy!

PinkLady4

@BabaB - Many years ago, I took a trip to London and I did hear a lot of cockney speaking. It's very hard to understand because letter sounds are dropped and there's a lot of rhyming slang. It sounds kind of harsh and the words come from down in the chest.

I'll give it a try and write a couple of sentences in cockney.

Why don't you come over to my brother's house for dinner? = Why don't you come ova to me bruvver's ouse for dinna?

Will you have a drink of water and a little bit of bread with a bit of butter on it? = Will you ave a drin'of wa'er and a lile bi of breab wiv a bi of bu'er on i'?

Practice these. They're fun to say.

BabaB

I've never heard anyone speak cockney, except maybe on TV. Can anyone write a few sentences of cockney speech? It's pretty crazy slang.

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