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What is Renal Failure?
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  • Last Modified Date: 24 October 2011
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Renal failure is a serious medical condition affecting the kidneys. When a person suffers from renal failure, their kidneys are not functioning properly or no longer work at all. Renal failure can be a progressive disease or a temporary one depending on the cause and available treatment options.

The kidneys are glands that are located in the abdominal region just above the pelvis on either side of the body. When functioning normally, the kidneys separate and filter excess water and waste from the blood stream. The kidneys are responsible for producing urine, which is used to flush away the toxins. The kidneys also maintain a healthy balance of fluids and electrolytes, or salt compounds, in the body.

In renal failure the kidneys undergo cellular death and are unable to filter wastes, produce urine and maintain fluid balances. This dysfunction causes a build up of toxins in the body which can affect the blood, brain and heart, as well as other complications. Renal failure is very serious and even deadly if left untreated.

There are two types of renal failure: acute and chronic. Acute renal failure occurs suddenly and is usually initiated by underlying causes, for example dehydration, infection, serious injury to the kidney or the chronic use of over the counter pain medications like Tylenol (acetaminophen) or Advil (ibuprofen). Acute renal failure is often reversible with no lasting damage.

Chronic renal failure is more serious than acute renal failure because symptoms may not appear until the kidneys are extremely damaged. Chronic renal failure can be caused by other long term diseases, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Chronic renal failure can worsen over time, especially when the problem has gone undiagnosed and treatment is delayed.

The symptoms of renal failure include edema, which is an accumulation of fluid characterized by swelling, and a decrease in urination. Other symptoms may include a general ill feeling, exhaustion and headaches. Often, a person with renal failure does not experience any symptoms.

With treatment, a person with kidney failure can live a relatively normal life. Depending on the severity of kidney failure, renal function may be restored by treating the primary disease that is responsible for the damage, or by treating the kidneys with medication. In severe cases of renal failure, a person might require dialysis and a kidney transplant.

In renal dialysis, the patient must be connected to a machine that mechanically filters the blood. Dialysis does not treat renal failure, but instead keeps a person alive by performing the crucial functions of the kidneys. A person may have to undergo dialysis as often as several times a day or as little as weekly, depending on the severity of the renal failure. A person with acute, reversible renal failure may need dialysis while the kidneys recover.

When the kidneys fail completely, the patient will need a kidney transplant. Fortunately, human beings can function with only one kidney, so relatives and other living donors are an option. This reduces the need for deceased donors that is common with other organ transplants and requires long waiting lists. However, it is necessary to find a donor that has a similar tissue and blood type, which means that finding a kidney may still be difficult. Most people who need a kidney transplant must also be on dialysis until a match is found.

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hoophoopya
Post 40
I want to donate a kidney. I am a 27 year old male with A+ blood type. I live in northern california close to Reno, Nevada, but I am willing to travel if needed. I don't smoke nor do I drink much. If someone is interested just post something and we can get in contact. I am not looking for money. I just finally decided I have two good ones, I don't need both.
anon209801
Post 39
my nephew is suffering from hereditary kidney disorder alport syndrome. his father has abandoned him as he feels there is no guarantee to his life. his creatinine level is 2.5, but me and my sister have not abandoned him. we will fight for him till the very end. there is no light in the end of the tunnel, but we will fight. i don't know why i am posting this. today i felt like crying my heart out. maybe that's why i am writing. please pray for him.
smile1
Post 38
@anon149748, Post 32: My precious mother died at age 68, 21 years ago. I was only 26. Hers was caused by a twisted or bent ureter from her bladder to her kidneys over a long period of time. From what my mother endured from the three day a week dialysis treatments, I would never ever want anyone to go through the suffering as she did. It was more suffering than any cancer patient I have seen go through. So no, it is not a bad decision she is making to refuse it. Let her have some quality of life, even if short, versus the zero quality life the dialysis gave my mother and caused only more suffering. It was horrible.

Yes, she was terribly ill before the dialysis, but it only got worse after each treatment. With each one, she suffered more and more and her heart weakened and she couldn't breathe, eat or sleep, and could barely walk, and her skin was so yellow with a smell of poison. She had a frosty appearance on her legs from the secretion of fluids and poison leaking from her legs.

Eventually, she had one leg removed up to her hip, then she lived two weeks. It was from hardening of the arteries caused from the kidney failure. So basically, the dialysis prolonged her life for three years of pure suffering hell. I don't mean to sound negative. But I believe to allow the person to do what they feel is best. Blessings to you and your mother.

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anon198489
Post 37
My husband has diabetes and is a candidate for renal failure. We just came out from the hospital after he had a heart attack. God has graciously saved him and is now in our house. My problem is there are medicines he has to take every day and I am anxious that I cannot cope with the expenses. Glad he is alive but God knows my finances.
anon165839
Post 36
My dad is in renal failure, kidney failure and heart failure. He cannot do dialysis because of his heart. I need to know what we should be expecting.
anon162965
Post 35
Sorry for everyone's loss. My dad went into the hospital with congestive heart failure and two days later was told that he was in stage three renal failure. We transferred him to another, but better hospital they got his creatinine level down from almost 5 to 2.4. His BUN was 50 and was told that he had three different infections in a pressure ulcer that he had had a skin graft on.

When the hospital had everything kidney and heart wise under control, he was sent to a long term wound care floor at another hospital. After only being there two days, he had a major heart attack and the dyes that they had to use during heart catheterization put his kidneys into failure again, but this time worse. The neurologist told us that due to his heart he was not a candidate for kidney dialysis and that all they could do is make him comfortable, but then all of a sudden his creatinine level went from 5.1 to 2.5 but his bun shot up to 114 and within two days, his creatinine was back over 4, with no urine output at all and was in severe pain.

The kidney specialist said they think he was allergic to the antibiotics they had put him on and that it caused him to have complete kidney failure in which led to his death at 2 a.m. that following morning. I was there with my father of the age of 66 when he took his last breath holding my hand and would not trade that for anything in the world, but i do advise when you have a loved one that is going through all of this, keep an eye on their labs. Ask many questions and be as understanding and patient with your loved one, because once they are gone, there is no return for them except in your heart. thank you for listening.

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anon151174
Post 34
It all depends on how severe the kidney damage is. If the elderly person is passing fair amount of urine, he can live without dialysis for two to six weeks. However, if the person is passing little or no urine, then the survival rate decreases dramatically to 10 to 14 days.

Most elderly who do not want dialysis after kidney failure suffer from a lot of side effects, namely nausea, twitching of the muscles and breathlessness.

Although the elderly person might experience some pain, it is not a major symptom. If the elderly person wants to die at home, it can be arranged by the family members. There are many hospices who also take on elderly patients who do not want dialysis. Kidney failure in elderly is quite common so many hospitals are also equipped to help those elderly patients who do not want dialysis.

anon150337
Post 33
my dad has chronic end stage renal failure. He's been receiving dialysis three times a week, and only had a few minor heart problems, like low heart beat. He recently had his thyroid gland removed and is currently in hospital, suffering from low calcium levels, muscle spasms and twitching in the face and hands etc.

On top of that, we've just discovered blockage of the access point; the fistula is giving problems. My question: Are we nearing the end, or is there still something they can do?

anon149748
Post 32
My mother is 69 years old and is dying of renal failure. She was told she was too high a risk for a transplant and did not even want to do dialysis.

After many difficulties, she went to dialysis for three months and yesterday decided to stop. Her kidneys are operating at 5 percent right now. I can't help but think stopping dialysis is suicide. I believe she has made peace with herself and is ready to die, but I just wonder if I think it's selfish of her not to continue or selfish of me to want to her stay on dialysis. My heart hurts so much because I know my Mother will die soon.

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anon136038
Post 30
My father in law is 81, has been an insulin dependent diabetic for many years now, and is currently in stage 5 ckd. His creatinine is at 4.4, but his BUN and urea are high. He is also hypertensive.

We are managing him purely on meds - he doesn't want to go onto dialysis. He has good days and bad- but, over the last few days, has been eating well and been a lot clearer than he has been in over two months. Realistically, how long could we expect him to survive with this disease?

anon130351
Post 29
My mother is 80. She has chronic kidney failure and she has 7 percent usage left of her kidneys as of the second week in November. In May she was diagnosed and things have progressively got worse. How much time does she have before they completely fail?

She also has congestive heart failure. I live 10 hours away and she is in assisted living home. Is it time for me to go and stay with her permanently? I try and get back every six weeks or so.

anon127896
Post 28
It saddens my heart to participate in this forum but I should first doff my hat to all who have made this forum possible.

My father had a problem with his kidney and one of his kidneys removed in 1999. Just this year he had prostate problems and after starting with the treatment, the other kidney started failing. I cannot establish any causal relationship.

My dad experienced renal failure and currently his other kidney had been pronounced dead. He has been prepared for dialysis and we don't know what will happen from now on since in the third world dialysis is difficult to come by.

I am sad but he is full of smiles and keeps encouraging us. Can someone help us? We're in pain.

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anon118155
Post 27
Oh my goodness, as I read these posts, I was thinking, please, if in doubt, visit your doctor, have the tests and do your research. Complications with renal failure and diabetes, high blood pressure, etc. are most certainly worth investigating.

My dearest Mum was diagnosed with renal problems 15 years ago but was put into hospital with renal kidney failure and since then she has been on dialysis. I must say there are many issues with dialysis and even though she has had a tough road with over 30 operations, infections, diabetes complications, high blood pressure and access point problems for dialysis, etc., I must say I'm so glad we have had this extra time with Mum.

She has fluid build up, the tremors, loss of urine function, has gotten a lot quieter and more reflective, at times confused. Her breathing has changed but she has good days and can be positive and hopeful.

I'm so thankful she's seen my baby grow up, has enjoyed treats and gifts and quality family visits and time together even though she's been in hospital. Mum doesn't complain but appreciates the small things in life and knows her hope even though she is like this at this stage her hope is in Jesus Christ and she has peace and trust for a future in heaven with a life with no regrets and a repentant and a resolved past.

This is important: God is by her side and we know who holds her future. This has been a trying time just being truthful here, but renal failure can be managed very well.

I know Mum chose this way and has prolonged her health to be with her husband, as well my Dad, who has given up everything to assist her and give her the best. The love, care and comfort of my beautiful Dad has been an inspiration. I'm trying to do my best and be well informed and spend time with my Mum.

The spiritual side needs to be fed as well. If there are things people want to get off their chest or work through past issues and unforgiveness, it is a process and a part of mind, body and spirit as depression can be a part of the process.

It's been important to keep her mind thinking on positive thoughts with a cheerful visit, fresh flowers, fresh fruit, drawings photos of family, phone calls good tv so she can be informed and have enjoyment.

It's been important for me to give Mum want she wants and surprises, like nice perfume, nighties etc. Learn to serve them and be happy in it.

I might not have Mum for too much longer. God bless.

anon117901
Post 26
I'm 21 and my sister is 33 years old and has been suffering from a chronic renal failure for about 10 months now and spending most of her time in hospital with unstable condition.

So do you guys think it is a good idea to donate her a kidney or am i still young for that?

anon116004
Post 25
My dad had organ failure for 14 years. he had a lot of time in hospital during the last 14 years and sadly we lost him in august of this year due to renal failure.

He also went off his food and drink and his mobility got worse during his last months and he was also confused a lot and turning grayer by the day. In april we were told that his kidneys were only working about six percent and he had weeks to live.

But he had been told in the past so many times he wasn't going to make it and we had visited him in so many icu wards we thought ok we will see and try to make the best of the time we had. that was april. like i said he lasted till august this year. he went peacefully with his family with him but due to this i say RIP Dad. You tried and you fought. Please try all that's offered to you and think of your family you leave behind. And god bless you all, young and old.

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anon114346
Post 24
My Dad has chronic kidney failure. His function is 9 percent now and he also has COPD and diabetes. He has lost around five stone and was given six months 15 months ago. He is looking very grey in the face now and does not enjoy his food or anything else.

He has very little mobility and struggles to get around. I pop in every day, to do for him after i finish work. He is sleeping a lot of the time too. He sometimes does not get out of bed till lunch time. can anyone say if this means time is running out. Barb

anon113115
Post 23
My nine year old grandson was born with only one kidney functioning at approx only 45 percent. He is in stage 3 not far from stage 4. He has been taking NuTropin for a year and a half to increase his size so he doesn't reject an adult kidney.

If his creatine level gets to be around a 5, he usually has to be hospitalized with an IV for re-hydration and antibiotics. Since he also has an ileostomy, keeping him hydrated can sometimes be a challenge. He is also now incontinent. During the night he sometimes spikes a temp and gets cold sores on his lip.

There are some bad days, but most are good as long as he follows his diet. Most people do not even realise that he is sick. He does everything boys his age do but i wish that we could judge his condition more and know when and what to expect.

anon110180
Post 22
I've been reading the above posts and though I can understand not wanting to go on dialysis, I have to say I have been on peritoneal dialysis for 24 years.

I have lived a pretty normal life. I attended and graduated from college. I worked some though not full time.

I dated and finally found my soul mate. The only thing I really couldn't do as have a baby, but my renal failure was a genetic one so I never wanted to chance passing it to a child so I knew I'd never do that.

My husband has children so I have step-kids that love me. So anyone who comes across this post, know you can live a decent life even on dialysis.

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theshelton07
Post 21
my uncle was 44 years old when he died of renal failure in december. he didn't want to have dialysis and the doctors said if he didn't take dialysis he would pass way in six months and he did.
anon90227
Post 20
My cat has kidney failure and i was wondering is it painful to have it or to die from it?
anon89582
Post 19
I'm 28 years old with creatinine 1.9 and urea high too, one pack smoking/day. what is the explanation of my case doc?
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anon87544
Post 18
my mum is 60 years old and diabetic four 12 years. she's having renal failure and hardly ever eats. it really worries me knowing she is going to die.
anon81885
Post 17
My mom was 57 with chronic renal failure. This past November, she passed away with several other complications, but reading the rest of these stories on here, all I can say is I'm glad my mom didn't want the kidney machine. her words were just let her go in peace which was really hard for me and my sister. You all are constantly in my prayers. amen
anon76418
Post 16
My 65 year old mother has had problems with her kidneys her whole life but they were controllable up until last week when we took her to the hospital to have some test run on the diabetic sore she had her foot. They said she had a bacteria in it, so they put her on a high strength IV antibiotic.

Well, now they say because of the antibiotic she now has renal failure. When i took her in there she could walk, breathe and form sentences. now she can't do any of those things, plus she has uncontrollable shaking and jerking of her entire body, and it's like she can't think clearly.

I just really don't know what i should do. should i switch her hospitals or what? if anyone has any helpful info please let me know. thank you. --cristy 1520

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anon71366
Post 15
I just found out my Grandfather has renal failure. He 80 years old and has been healthy all his life.

We finally got him to go to the doctor last Tuesday and hes been in ever since. I'm very scared of losing him, we lost grandma in 2006. He's so stubborn and the doctor said when he comes home he will have to go dialysis three times a week. does this sound bad? i know congenital heart failure follows thereafter.

anon67914
Post 14
am i going to die? I have at least two of all renal failure symptoms.
anon57805
Post 12
My mother is 85 and at end stage renal failure. Because she won't eat, we had to take her off dialysis as it was pulling the small amount of fluid that she takes in (usually only 2-3 ounces a day). I feel that she has given up. How long can she realistically last on 2-3 ounces of water a day?
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anon57328
Post 11
I am the daughter of a 75 year old lady who has just recently passed away. My mom had a brilliant mind regardless of her age.

From July on, she complained of having a sensation of pins and needles in her hands and feet. This got progressively more severe as time went on. We offered to take her for a complete physical, but being my mum she continued to procrastinate and find every possible reason why she could not go in for a complete medical.

She also began to complain of severe leg cramps as well. In the last weeks of her life she had an awful body itch. Nothing we tried seemed to relieve her of that itch.Her symptoms went undiagnosed as chronic renal failure up until the last week of her life.

We now can relate all the symptoms to renal failure, however, if we had diagnosed it earlier, perhaps we could have treated it accordingly and saved mum all the pain towards the latter end.

Yes, we really did seek all the best medical care and medication, but we never knew the problem until the end. We loved and nursed her until the end.

anon54200
Post 10
jac5: Clear urine can simply mean you are well hydrated. Dark yellow urine can mean you are dehydrating. But i'm no doctor so don't take my word for it and assume everything is ok. It's good always to ask a professional.
anon53525
Post 9
Actually my dad was diagnosed with kidney failure. All he ever did was sleep and he said he felt like he was dying but would not go to the doctor.

well one day he got in a wreck and they took him to the hospital and they ran tests and found out that if he had not come in that night, he would have died not even two weeks from that day.

Well anyway, they put a port in him that very night in the hospital and started dialysis that morning. He is now doing so great and even doing home dialysis so there is hope!

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amypollick
Post 8
Anon49279, I am so sorry about your husband. But two weeks from death by renal failure is pretty much the end of the line. Even dialysis would have probably just prolonged the inevitable. And unless I'm mistaken, to even get listed for transplant, you must have at least a six-month life expectancy. But once kidney damage gets to that point, it starts affecting all the other organs. It's hard on the heart, the liver and the brain.
anon49279
Post 7
My husband was diagnosed with renal failure two days before he dies. We found out that he had kidney failure 13 days prior to the two days before his death and no one did anything about it or even knew about it. He was in the hospital for two weeks, even though they had been running tests on him and had done a urine test. if they knew and did not say anything, could he been alive today?
anon48768
Post 6
sahug1955: I have hepatitis c and was also stage four. I had had it for at least 25 years. I did the peg intron and ribavarin treatment for 12 months. It was very very hard on me, but I stuck it out. I have been free of the disease for two years now, and my liver has repaired itself back to normal. The liver is the only organ that can do this. Get your hubby to a doctor even if you have to say it's for you. There is always hope.
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jac5
Post 5
I am a 44 year old female. I had a physical with blood work a couple of months ago and everything was normal.

My first morning urine was completely clear this morning. After breakfast, it was a normal, yellowish color. I know that in dogs, clear morning urine is a cause for concern and I was wondering if the same is true for humans. I feel fine otherwise.

anon8973
Post 4
I am 30 yrs old Female and generally healthy recently diagnosed with renal failure. what is expected in diagnosing the problem?
sahug1955
Post 3
My husband is 49 yrs. old. He has had Hepatitis c for at least 10 yrs., probably longer. Also, Fibrosis stage 4, cirrhosis. Today, his urine looks like a glass of coffee and he said he is passing painful clots. I can't get him to go to the doc or the er. He says he is dying anyway. What will happen if he doesn't go? What should I do? He will get extremely mad if I call anybody? Thanks, Sue
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anon2529
Post 2
What are the signs of kidney renal failure? How do you find out if you are at risk of this ?
anon357
Post 1
with renal failure in the chronic stage, if a person refuses dialises, what could be expected?

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