Potassium is a chemical element that is crucial to the human body. In its raw form, Potassium (K on the periodic table of elements) is a silvery white alkalic metal.

Without the proper amount of potassium, a person can suffer from an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, arthritis, digestive disorders, and infertility. For those who eat a balanced, healthy diet, a lower intake of potassium should not be a significant problem. Athletes, smokers, or those that have eating disorders are at higher risk for potassium deficiency.

Potassium aids muscle contraction; low potassium can cause the muscles to cramp. Potassium is a primary contributor to action potentials, which are the signals the brain sends to the muscles via the nervous system. A key element of membrane polarization, potassium helps muscles return to a resting state after exertion. Without the proper amount of potassium in the body, muscles can become weakened, and are often sore after physical exertion. By increasing potassium levels in the body, aches and pains from exercise can be reduced. If proper levels of potassium are not maintained, there are several potentially fatal outcomes, such as hypokalemia, which can result in heart arrhythmia.

Potassium is also necessary for maintaining the correct balance of water electrolytes inside the human body. Working with sodium, potassium transports essential body fluids and electrolytes throughout the circulatory system. Extremely large amounts of potassium are processed and reabsorbed through the liver daily.

Though potassium supplements can be used to compensate for low levels, there is a large variety of foods and drinks that contain it naturally. A diet that includes bananas, avocados, nuts, leafy greens, milk, orange juice, and potatoes will help maintain healthy levels of potassium. In extreme circumstances when a potassium supplement is recommended by a doctor, there are some potential health risks that should be recognized.

Those with diabetes or heart conditions should consult a doctor before using a potassium supplement. Additionally, individuals with kidney diseases, Addison's Disease, and stomach ulcers should always consult their doctor before using potassium supplements.

Potassium overdose is possible, and should be avoided. Symptoms include confusion, tingling limbs, and a weak heart beat. If you exhibit signs of potassium overdose, or suspect that you have overdosed on potassium, seek professional medical attention immediately.