Database maintenance is an activity which is designed to keep a database running smoothly. A number of different systems can be used to build and maintain databases, with one popular example being MYSQL. Maintenance of databases is generally performed by people who are comfortable and familiar with the database system and the specifics of the particular database, although some maintenance tasks can be performed by people who do not have experience.

Databases are used to maintain a library of information in a well organized, accessible format. However, they usually are not static; changes are constantly being made as material is added, removed, and moved around. People may also change parameters within the database, decide to use different indexing systems, and so forth. Over time, this can cause the database to start to malfunction. Database maintenance is used to keep the database clean and well organized so that it will not lose functionality.

One important aspect of database maintenance is simply backing up the database so that if anything happens, there will be another copy available. Some databasing systems actually do this automatically, sending a backup to another location every day, every week, or within any other set period of time. However, backups are not quite enough.

Database maintenance includes checking for signs of corruption in the database, looking for problem areas, rebuilding indexes, removing duplicate records, and checking for any abnormalities in the database which might signal a problem. The goal is to keep the database operating smoothly for users, so that ideally they never need to think about maintenance issues. A database which is not maintained can become sluggish, and people may start to experience problems when trying to access records.

Many servers have extensive databases which are used to serve up content to users on an internal network or on the Internet. An important part of server maintenance is database maintenance to confirm that these databases are working properly. This also includes checks for security flaws and other issues which could threaten the integrity of the database, ranging from viruses to records which are entered improperly.

Numerous textbooks are available with information about database management, including how to maintain databases properly. It is also possible to take courses to learn about different databasing systems and how to care for databases, whether they are being built from scratch or taken over. People can also earn certifications in specific systems which indicate a high level of competence.