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What Is a Syrian Hamster?

Steve R.
Steve R.

Often kept as pets, the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is a rodent that when fully grown is 5 to 7 inches (13 to 17 cm) in length and tips the scale at 5 to 7 ounces (140 to 200 grams). In the wild, the omnivorous creature is solitary and territorial in nature, flourishes in humid and arid environments, and typically seeks food at twilight and dawn. Having a life span of two to three years, the Syrian hamster can be traced to Israel and Syria and is often used in scientific research.

Possessing a broad head, small nose, and large eyes, the Syrian hamster owns deep cheek pouches that are capable of storing its food, which may include insects, grass, and seeds. On its hind feet, the creature has five toes, while the front feet have four toes. When found in the wild, the Syrian hamster is typically golden brown in color with a mostly white belly. Breeding and mutations cause the hamsters to have different patterns and different colors, including white, black, gray, and cream.

A Syrian hamster.
A Syrian hamster.

Generally, the Syrian hamster is bred to have different types of coat. A longhair hamster, sometimes know as the teddy bear hamster, may grow a coat that may be up to 4 inches (10 cm) long. For the most part, only the males grow long coats. The satin or bald coat hamster possesses a glossy coat. Other types of Syrian hamster include the shorthair and the rex, which is known for its wavy pattern of hair.

Female Syrian hamsters may be sexually mature by five weeks old, but generally reproduce at around four months. In the open, a female generally tolerates the male only for breeding. When the female hamster does not depend on the male for breeding, it is not uncommon for her to attack a male. A female will indicate she is ready to reproduce by standing still with her tail and behind sticking straight up.

Typically a female will give birth 16 days after mating. A litter may include as many as 20 young. The young are born hairless and sightless. After about a month, the hamsters no longer depend on their mother. In the wild, a mother may even eat her own young.

Due to their different colors, markings, and coats, the hamsters are often sold as pets. Loners by nature, the hamsters are often kept in cages by themselves. If multiple hamsters are kept together, they may fight to the death.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Syrian hamster and where does it originate from?

The Syrian hamster, also known as the golden hamster or Mesocricetus auratus, is a small rodent that originates from the arid regions of northern Syria and southern Turkey. It was first described scientifically in 1839 and has since become one of the most popular small pets worldwide due to its docile nature and ease of care.

How long do Syrian hamsters typically live?

Syrian hamsters have a lifespan of around 2 to 3 years, which is relatively short compared to other pet mammals. Their life expectancy can be influenced by factors such as genetics, diet, exercise, and quality of care. Providing a well-balanced diet and a stress-free environment can help maximize their lifespan.

What kind of habitat is ideal for a Syrian hamster?

A Syrian hamster thrives in a spacious cage that allows for ample movement and exercise, with a minimum size of 24 inches by 12 inches and at least 12 inches tall. The habitat should include bedding for burrowing, a wheel for exercise, hiding places for security, and chew toys to maintain dental health. It's important to keep the cage clean and at a stable temperature to ensure the hamster's well-being.

Can Syrian hamsters be kept together with other hamsters?

Syrian hamsters are solitary creatures and can become territorial and aggressive towards each other if housed together. They should be kept individually from the age of 5 to 10 weeks to prevent fighting. This solitary housing ensures their safety and reduces stress, leading to a happier and healthier pet.

What do Syrian hamsters eat and how often should they be fed?

Syrian hamsters are omnivores and require a balanced diet consisting of hamster pellets, fresh fruits and vegetables, and occasional protein sources like boiled eggs or mealworms. They should be fed once a day, preferably in the evening when they are most active. Fresh water should always be available. Portion control is important to prevent obesity.

Are Syrian hamsters good pets for children?

Syrian hamsters can be good pets for children who are old enough to understand the need for gentle handling and proper care. They are generally docile and can be tamed with regular, careful interaction. However, they are nocturnal, so their active hours may not align with a young child's schedule. Adult supervision is recommended to ensure the safety of both the child and the hamster.

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    • A Syrian hamster.
      By: Subbotina Anna
      A Syrian hamster.