A seamstress is a woman who makes her living through sewing, and could be considered the female counterpart of a tailor. Typically, a seamstress apprentices with a more experienced seamstress for several years before being accepted as a full member of a shop or striking out on her own. During the apprenticeship, she will learn mending skills, how to work with a variety of fabrics, how to create her own sewing patterns, how to embroider, and a variety of other useful skills. Like other skilled trades requiring apprenticeship, a seamstress can ultimately command a high price for her services.

Sewing is one of the oldest human arts, as early humans were forced to stitch together hides to cover themselves. While clothing was initially designed for protection, ornamental garments quickly became popular in most societies. The domestication of animals led to textiles like wool, while plant based textiles such as cotton and linen have also been made for centuries as well. Most people probably sewed their own garments until they settled in cities, when specialized trades such as baking and sewing started to emerge.

Originally, only wealthy families could afford the services of a seamstress or tailor, while poor families continued to make their own garments. A seamstress could create elaborate garments for social occasions, along with her team of apprentices. Seamstresses also developed new sewing techniques, because of their highly focused profession, and contributed to the development of new fashions. Seamstresses also worked with mending and garment repair.

In the modern era, some people continue to use a seamstress to create custom sewn garments for special occasions, or to mend favorite garments. Many fashion design houses also use a team of seamstresses to bring their patterns to life, with an eye to using fabric efficiently and creating a pattern which can be replicated. A high-end seamstress tends to charge a great deal for her work, restricting custom sewn garments to the very wealthy. However, the important role of the seamstress in clothing design means that many people wear the work of a seamstress, albeit indirectly.

In order to become a high-end seamstress, math and textile science are two useful skills. A fashion design company may also require a degree in arts, textile design, or fashion. Typically, someone training to be a seamstress would start out as part of a team, and work her way slowly through the ranks to a higher position.