A physiologist is a specialist in physiology, the study of the functions of living things. There are many types of physiologist including exercise, cardiac, and neurophysiologists. Each specialist has specific training in the area of study.

Exercise physiologists specialize in the physiology of exercise. Their job is to implement exercises, and monitor the cardiovascular and metabolic effects of the routine necessary for physical or cardiac rehabilitation. They evaluate physical abilities and employ exercises to enhance and maintain overall health and conditioning. They also collaborate with other healthcare professionals to identify risks and provide a comprehensive rehabilitation program.

A sports physiologist, on the other hand, is concerned with the functioning of the body as it applies to athletes. They specialize in performance and endurance. They must have, in addition to specific knowledge of physiology, an extensive knowledge base of the specific sport’s requirements.

Cardiac physiologists investigate the function of the heart to help diagnose heart disease. They can be involved in identifying and monitoring the use of treatment programs to measure its effectiveness. Extensive knowledge of the heart and how it works and reacts to stressors such as exercise is an important component of study to assist clients in regaining or maintaining proper cardiac functioning with daily activities.

A neurophysiologist, also known as a clinical physiologist, is concerned with the neurology of the functioning of the nervous system. They typically work with clients who have a neurological disorder. Multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, strokes and dementia are examples of neurological disorders. Those suffering with nerve or muscle dysfunction can also benefit from a neurophysiologist’s expertise. They may use things like electroencephalography (EEG), nerve conduction studies and EP’s, or evoked potentials, to assess the brain's response.

Respiratory physiologists deal with the physiology of respiration, or breathing. They may test lung and breathing function, and perform things like sleep studies to help evaluate and treat breathing problems. They also may monitor breathing during physical rehabilitation.

In general, a physiologist is a healthcare professional trained in body functions. Physiologists can help diagnose problems within the body and assist in the recovery of function. The techniques utilized are specific to the area of the body these professionals chose to concentrate upon during their career.

Most physiologist work within an interdisciplinary team, or a team of healthcare professionals whose expertise varies, to reduce cardiovascular risks, increase overall function and improve quality of life. They are highly trained and skilled within their discipline. Their main objective is to allow the body to work efficiently.