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What is a Morgan Horse?

Matt Brady
Matt Brady

The Morgan horse is an American breed respected for its athleticism and work stamina. The breed's lineage is remarkably well-documented, dating back to the line’s founding horse, Figure, in 1789. Almost as old as the formation of the United States (U.S.), this horse has been called the first American breed. From its beginnings in the farm communities of Randolph, Vermont, the Morgan can now be found in all 50 U.S. states. It has also made its mark as an internationally respected breed, and can be found in numerous countries throughout the world. These horses are striking in appearance, easily identified by their broad-chested, compact frames, and small, perky ears set atop long, sloping foreheads.

Justin Morgan, the namesake of the Morgan horse, acquired the breed’s founding sire, Figure, in 1789. Figure was just a bay colt when Morgan purchased him. It's thought that Figure may have been sired, or fathered, by True Briton, a well-known horse at the time. As Figure grew, his physical prowess achieved widespread reputation. He became something of a legend for his ability to best other horses, whether at racing, hauling workloads, or pulling passengers. Although physically intimidating and hard working, Figure was just as well known for his gentle nature.

Morgan horses may be found in a range of colors.
Morgan horses may be found in a range of colors.

Figure's legend as the ideal blend of a work and performance horse naturally lent itself toward the idea of establishing a breed of Morgan horses. Figure successfully sired other horses with the same physical and personality traits as he had. Morgans have also been used to create other valued American horse breeds. The American Saddle horse, the Standardbred, the Tennessee Walking Horse and the Quarter Horse all owe their origins to the Morgan.

Morgan horses were used as Cavalry and Artillery horses in the Civil War.
Morgan horses were used as Cavalry and Artillery horses in the Civil War.

Over time, Morgan horses became one of the most respected and adopted breeds in the U.S., used extensively as a service horse as well as an athletic horse. Morgans saw widespread use as Cavalry and Artillery horses in the Civil War, where they suffered numerous casualties.

To the trained eye, Morgan horses can be identified by their unique body structure. They have a long, broad forehead mounted by small ears. Their frame is muscular and compact, with a short back and a prominent, broad chest. They can be found in a range of colors, including black, brown, bay, palomino and chestnut.

This horse's line and pedigree has been well documented by the American Morgan Horse Association (AMHA). The AMHA and its previous incarnations have served as a record for the Morgan breed since 1894, when the Morgan Horse & Register published its first volume of breeding history. Prior to that, Vermont native Daniel C. Linsley had established a breeding record when he published "Morgan Horses: A Premium Essay" in 1857.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Morgan Horse?

A Morgan Horse is a versatile and distinctive American breed known for its strength, endurance, and agreeable temperament. Originating from a single stallion named Figure, later known as Justin Morgan, the breed has a compact and muscular build, standing between 14.1 and 15.2 hands tall. Morgans are used in a variety of disciplines, from riding to driving, and are celebrated for their loyalty and longevity.

What are the characteristics of a Morgan Horse?

Morgan Horses are recognized for their expressive faces, with large, kind eyes, and well-arched necks. They have a short back, strong shoulders, and a deep chest, contributing to their power and agility. Their coats come in common equine colors, with chestnut, bay, and black being predominant. Morgans are known for their spirited yet manageable nature, making them suitable for both experienced and novice riders.

How are Morgan Horses used today?

Today, Morgan Horses are as versatile as they are historic. They excel in a wide range of equestrian activities, including dressage, show jumping, western pleasure, and endurance riding. Their calm disposition also makes them ideal for therapeutic riding programs. Additionally, their strength and stamina are harnessed in carriage driving and competitive driving events.

What is the history of the Morgan Horse breed?

The Morgan Horse breed traces back to the late 1700s, with the birth of a colt named Figure, owned by Justin Morgan. Figure's descendants became known for their versatility and were used as cavalry horses, for harness racing, and as general riding animals. The breed's ability to adapt to various roles made it instrumental in the development of other American horse breeds.

How long do Morgan Horses typically live?

Morgan Horses are known for their longevity, often living well into their 30s. Their robust health and enduring vitality contribute to a lifespan that exceeds many other horse breeds. Proper care, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and routine veterinary check-ups, can help ensure a Morgan Horse lives a full and healthy life.

Are Morgan Horses suitable for beginner riders?

Yes, Morgan Horses are often recommended for beginner riders due to their gentle nature and willingness to please. Their intelligence and eagerness to learn make them responsive to training, and their patient demeanor provides a confidence-building experience for those new to riding. However, as with any horse, proper training and handling are essential to foster a safe and enjoyable relationship.

Discussion Comments

Authordor
@StarBanobo: You are confusing the Morgan with the Clydesdale. While both are of a gentle or even temperament, the larger Clydesdale is a draught horse. Known as "the Horse the Built Australia" the Clydesdale is more used for hauling work and general riding. The Morgan, being smaller, is a more versatile breed.
StarBanobo

Are these the same horses that are used in the Budweiser beer commercials?

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    • Morgan horses may be found in a range of colors.
      By: JM Fotografie
      Morgan horses may be found in a range of colors.
    • Morgan horses were used as Cavalry and Artillery horses in the Civil War.
      By: macropixel
      Morgan horses were used as Cavalry and Artillery horses in the Civil War.