What is a Lithograph?

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Most people could not afford to own an original piece of artwork by Picasso or Van Gogh, but having a copy of their masterworks wouldn't be such a bad idea. This is where the idea of a lithograph comes into play. A lithograph is an authorized copy of an original work created by the artist himself or other skilled craftsmen. If the print quality of a lithograph is excellent and the production numbers are low, it may have significant value in the art world.

The printing process which creates a lithograph is different from other traditional methods. Most printing presses require the printmaker to etch an image or text into metal plates or physically carve out the image on blocks of wood or other soft material. To create a lithograph, however, no etching is required. The artist uses a set of greasy crayons or pencils to draw a mirrored image of the original artwork onto a smooth stone tablet. This is by far the most time-consuming part of the lithograph process.

After the image has been recreated to the satisfaction of the original artist or other authority, it is ready to be turned into a lithograph. The lithographic process hinges on the principle that oil and water cannot mix. An oil-based variety of ink is applied directly to the plate and immediately bonds with the equally greasy crayon lines. Water is then wiped onto the remaining unpainted areas to discourage the ink from smearing. A sheet of paper, preferably one with a high cotton content, is then placed over the entire plate.

The inked stone or metal plate and the paper are placed in a press and light pressure is used to transfer some of the ink. If the original image were a monochrome pen and ink drawing, this would be the only press run necessary. A color lithograph of an elaborate Van Gogh painting, however, might require several different runs with up to four different color inks -- black, red, yellow and blue. The same paper would be placed precisely over the re-inked plates, eventually creating a satisfactory lithograph copy. This same process is used to create color pages in newspapers.

Since the process for creating a lithograph can be just as time-consuming and detailed as an original painting, printing runs are often kept low to preserve value. A signed lithograph may have a set of numbers expressed as a fraction on one corner, such as 12/300. This means that the lithograph was the twelfth one produced in a series limited to three hundred prints. Some famous artists, notably Salvador Dali and Pablo Picasso, were more than willing to authorize or create numerous lithographs during their lifetimes. Others are not always eager to see their work reproduced on a commercial scale, making it more difficult to find authorized lithographs from them.

There are other ways of duplicating original artwork for the commercial market, so never assume the Monet print in an art store is indeed a lithograph. Ask the proprietor to confirm the printing method used to recreate your favorite piece of artwork. A signed lithograph may have more collectible value, but the print quality itself can be variable. When it comes to buying art, it is most important to buy what you like, regardless of the printing method.

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Hi, hope someone can help me, have acquired a signed "Richmond dtd 1851" large (64 x 50 cms) picture of a head of a Victorian Lady in Pencil/black Crayon or charcoal. It is on brown thin paper on card. Under a magnifying glass there are no dots. It was sold as an old photogravure but I don't know what that is? Possibly a lithograph? Out of the frame the picture has a slight sheen on it but against the light it appears to be a thin glaze applied in long wide brush strokes. Is this a common feature of lithographs, or photogravures, or was it a practice to put a protective glaze over original work. I am aware that George Richmond (1809 - 1896) did produce limited number of prints/copies. Many thanks.
- cornishirons
I've got a lithograph by Pierre-Romain Desfosses of fish/carp. It's been passed down in our family for many years. I think it may be valuable and wondering if anyone out there may know more about Desfosses?
- nanm2003
Lithographs are original works of visual art "wholly executed by hand by the artist" and "excludes any mechanical and photomechanical processes." (U.S. Customs)

In other words, original works of visual such as lithographs should never be trivialized as being reproduced, much being from an "original artwork."

Lithographs are original artworks.

Gary Arseneau

artist, creator of original lithographs & scholar

Fernandina Beach, Florida

garyarseneau.blogspot.com

garyarseneau.com

- anon30629
My mother had a book from the late 18 hundreds and on the front of the book it stated that it was done in lithograph. Now the book was beautiful, full of poems and beautiful colored drawings of gardens and such ., but it didn't have anything that really stuck out to me other then the drawings and paintings in the book looked to me more like an old, old postcard and the pages were doubled. Is this lithograph?

And the second question, please don't get me wrong I love art and older things, but I think I am misunderstanding, lithograph, as i have a painting on plastic see through sheeting and it was done by a C Parnell and it's a painting done of a huge restaurant and it had to be painted from the back side and opposite of the way it would show up on the front and i was told this was a lithograph painting, is it?

- anon27384
Fine art (original) lithographs are *not* reproductions. Original lithographs can be produced from slabs of (lime)stone, metal or polyester printing plates. They are works of art (however similar or derivative of a painting, sculpture, drawing etc. they might be) designed and printed specifically to be an original piece, existing in multiple. An original lithograph is hand-printed, and rarely exists in editions over 100. In fact, artists who create lithographs probably rarely produce editions over 20.

Confusing, yes, but an original print is just that; original. The biggest confusion comes with the widespread availability of "limited edition" lithographs. This is code for "commercially produced, offset lithography", and is akin to a high-quality poster. Limited edition lithographs are reproductions of an artists work, and despite any signatures in pencil or seemingly "limited" numbering schemes such as 1/5270, 2/5270 etc, be assured that it is by no means an original work, in and of itself.

- anon26233
I just thought I would help out a little here... you can tell if you have an "Original" lithograph with a magnifying glass with the little 10x bubble. If there are little regular patterns of dot under magnification you have an "offset" print with no resale value "unless hand signed by Picasso in pencil.

A stone lithograph will simply be solid ink laying against the paper. Excellent Article!!!

- anon22840
I have a framed, plate signed lithograph by Robert Owen. He painted clowns. The label on the back shows # Owen-001-48. The piece is titled "Coming Home". It was purchased over 50 years ago (I'm guessing)since my husbands late grandmother gave it to us. I would appreciate any information about this piece. Thank you.
- BarbraP
Is anyone familiar with the artist Gabe Pezillo? He does what look like Black and white 14 x 18 Pen and Inks of famous people like frank Sinatra or diana ross or rod stewart. I bought about about 20 of these at a art studio in 1970 for about $60 each and wondered if they may be worth anything today.
- anon19767
I realized this more than likely a dutch canal scene.
- homeishome
I have print or litho? I am trying to track down in the lower left corner is the marking GP 245 with litho usa below it. Is this a litho and how do I track it down? I think it is a scene in Venice.
- homeishome
A wonderful famous artist M. C. Escher, used lithography as an original art method.
- anon18652
UPDATE: My Litho is NOT the traditional Madame Pompadour I've found in my research - - that of a reclining lady (who's slightly older & not as pretty as the young lady on my Litho).

Although I've previously not been able to match my Litho anywhere on the Internet: in last couple of days, i found her - I found the same identical image is on a Lamp on eBay (search = Boucher Madame Pompadour to look at the image on lamp).

I own a Litho - I do Not own the lamp, and when I emailed the lamp owner, they emailed back that they also can't find any info. Believe they bought their lamp at estate sale. Can you pls look at the image on the lamp on eBay, as I currently don't have a way to take photo of my Litho and then get it on this site. Thx so much!

- SallySue
Could you pls help me with history, age, value of a colored Lithograph (approx 5"x7") I've recently acquired?

The Lithograph is of a pretty young lady, with pinkish flowers in her short/braided hair. She's wearing a pink (with some white) bow on her neck. Dress front is make of large pink bows - dress shoulders & sleeves are bluish with pinkish flowers between 3-4 "hash" marks. Lady is holding bouquet of springlike white and pink flowers on her Left arm - larger pink bow/flower(?) on Right arm.

The Litho has the following (small lettering across bottom of print): "Madame Pompadour NO B 163 f Boucher litho in USA" Just above the litho in USA wording is a (small) greenish/golden circle with a S L above a curvy L inside the circle.

Young lady is slightly younger and prettier (and more upright) than Boucher's original version of Madame Pompadour I've seen on Internet.

The Litho is framed in greenish/goldish wooden frame with red trimline. Back of frame has paper cover glued on - with a sticker that says "Picture Lines of Distinction Genuine Artograph Trade Mark Artograph Co. Brooklyn NY"

Thx!

- SallySue
I have some floral Yankel Ginzberg lithographs which are not embellished by the artist, nor are any of them signed by him.. Would any of those prints be worth anything?
- anon10451
OK... I still dont get it. Does the finished art look and feel like a real painting? or does it look like a printer made a copy on special paper??? I don't care if it's a copy and the 12,000th print, as long as it LOOKS like a real painting.
- anon5868
I recently purchased a 12 piece set of F. Molina Campos prints issued 1951 from the Minneapolis-Moline Company. At the left bottom they state "litho USA" with the artist's signature upper left and the date 951.

Are these lithographs? If so, what is their value?

- leonardo
What would "The Liberal Cabinet of Canada 1896" be worth? There was only 1 made.
- Alsgal1070
How is the original not destroyed when making a lithograph?
- anon4956
I'm sorry, but your painting "The Faithful Companion" is not worth anything.

As for the Dali lithograph, it is not worth very much. Dali's lithographic pieces were not highly respected and will not command a very large amount of money. I think $300 or $400 would be the most you could get for it.

- anon4718
Is a Dali lithograph in limited edition series of 500 worth much, if it is unsigned, and more than likely to have been produced after his death?
- anon4467
I have a lithograph titled The Faithful Companion, done in Leipzig, Germany. It has been in my family 60 years. Is it worth anything?
- anon3772
Limestone is the stone used in a lithographic process. More specifically, Solenhofen limestone of Geremany, later to be called lithographic limestone, prized for its fine grain for polishing, and its substrate fractures that make it easily hewn, and make it the ideal medium for lithography.

Lithography is a combination of the greek, "litho"; meaning stone, and of "graph"; meaning to write, draw, or record. Lithography is known to have been invented and perfected by a man named Alois Senefelder. In Alois Senefelder's auto-biography, and collected methodology: "The Invention of Lithography." (penned 1817 - published 1911)

Where he thought himself,"The inventor of an art." Despite his classical teachings of engraving, etching, chemical methodology, and scientific studies that lead to the creation of lithography. Alois was known to be more fond of stone printing for the artistry involved in its method, and in its becoming a unique form of printing.

- Juxtapose
I have a friend who bought, at an estate sale, pictures of the 1946 varga girls calendar. The pictures do not have the actual calendars on them. Just the picture of the girls and are signed varga with a circle under the g with esq in the circle. They also have the month with a cute qoute and the year 1946. They are a glossy print. What can you tell me about these pictures?
- happy67208
An Original Lithograph is NOT a copy of anything but was created as a lithograph usually in limited edition.
- anon753
Is lithography used for anything else besides art reproduction?
- teddyknitter

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