What is a Gigabit Switch?
In computer networking, an Ethernet switch connects multiple devices – such as computers, servers, or game systems – to a Local Area Network (LAN). Often in small business or home office situations, the switch allows more than one device to share a broadband Internet connection. A gigabit switch operates in the same manner, only at speeds much faster than standard or Fast Ethernet.
Broadband Internet connections to streaming audio and video have increased the demand for faster and more stable transmissions. Gigabit Ethernet transmits at approximately one gigabit per second. That is at speeds nearly 10 times those of Fast Ethernet, which transfers data at approximately 10 megabits per second. The gigabit switch is designed to work at these increased speeds.
When shopping for a gigabit switch, it usually is important to ensure the item purchased truly is a switch and not a hub. An Ethernet switch and a hub are similar in their function, but operate quite differently. The primary difference that sets the switch apart is that each connection to the switch has its own dedicated bandwidth and does not share lines of transmission with other connected devices. This leads to less data collision and faster, more reliable communication speeds. Full Duplex is the term used for these kinds of speeds without data collisions.
Many manufacturers of broadband modems and routers also produce switches. Initially, network switches were extremely expensive and used primarily by businesses. Developers continue to improve on the design and function, and gigabit switches have become more affordable for the average home user.
A gigabit switch can be used in conjunction with other network devices, as well. Broadband modems, such as those for a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or cable Internet, have only one wired connection available. Wireless devices could connect to the network with the addition of a wireless router.
When setting up a gigabit Ethernet network, it usually is important that the design of all the components be for higher gigabit speeds. This is especially true for an Ethernet switch. Using a slower-rated gigabit switch can slow down the transfer of data even if the other networking devices, like a computer and a modem, are geared for gigabit speeds.
Usually, a Category 6 (CAT6) Ethernet cable is an optimum choice for connecting other network devices or computers to the gigabit switch. Category 5 (CAT5) cables are only rated for Fast Ethernet or 10 megabits per second. Some Category 5E (CAT5E) Ethernet cables can be used for connection to a gigabit switch, but often are less reliable than a CAT6 cable.
Written by T. Raleigh
