A Chicken of the Woods is a type of parasitic edible mushroom found growing on the trunks of trees east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States. Scientifically, it is known as Laetiporus sulphureus, and although other species in the genus superficially resemble it, true Chicken of the Woods is only found in the Eastern United States. It is a bizarre looking mushroom, and is quite popular for human consumption in some areas, although it has a very fungus like flavor which some people find off putting.

Chicken of the Woods can be found growing on the trunks of Yew, Oak, Chestnut, and Willow trees. The mycelium, which is the major part of the fungus, grows underneath the bark. The fruiting body of the fungus is what observers know as Chicken of the Woods. The fungus is also known as Sulfur Shelf because of the distinctive bright yellow to orange color it has when young. Chicken of the Woods has no gills, instead forming a fan-like or semicircular growth which is soft and spongy when young that hardens with age.

When picking Chicken of the Woods for consumption, young mushrooms should be selected, because they will be more tender and flavorful. Young Chicken of the Woods is bright yellow, and can be cut off close to the trunk. It should not be torn, because this will damage the mycelium and could kill the parent fungus. The mushroom is very distinctive, and therefore difficult to misindentify: if you are in doubt, consult an experienced mushroom hunter.

Chicken of the Woods actually behaves a lot like chicken when cooked, having flaky white flesh. The taste is woodsy and mushroom like, and can enhance a variety of dishes. Chicken of the Woods is an especially good choice for vegetarians as a mock-meat menu item. When cooking Chicken of the Woods, make sure that it is fully cooked, as some people experience intestinal discomfort when eating this mushroom raw.

Chicken of the Woods should be used within several days of being picked. Store it in a paper bag in the fridge before using it, and make sure to brush it gently to remove dirt and plant material before cooking it. Chicken of the Woods does not dry well, although some mushroom hunters have found that it keeps well in the freezer for up to three months.