What is a Caftan?
A caftan is a long flowing garment that has long sleeves, and is ankle length. The word caftan is also frequently spelled kaftan. The caftan in original form was made of either silk or cotton and usually worn with a belt or sash around the waist. It is similar to the khalat, which is a silk or cotton robe. However, the caftan does not have an open front, and is slipped over the head.
The caftan is typically a man’s garment in its countries of origins. One can still note people donning the caftan in the Eastern Mediterranean. It may be worn over pajama style pants in places like Egypt. The first caftans were generally quite simple, but designs, fabrics and prints became more complex over time. During the Ottoman Empire, caftans were worn by Sultans and were extremely complex in designs and print. Elaborately printed and embroidered caftans might also be given as gifts.
Variants on the caftan style can also be seen in certain African countries. The caftan may be worn by both men and women, and is typically made from cotton in bright colors. Sleeves may be either long or elbow length. Worn in this manner, the caftan is usually not belted.
The caftan may also be worn by women in the US, where it is typically called a muumuu. It is again, usually not belted and may come in a variety of prints. Some are Hawaiian inspired, and others may have prints that are reminiscent of African designs. The caftan in the US may be cotton, cotton/polyester, or cotton gauze. It is usually worn as a housedress, a nightgown or a swimsuit cover-up, and can be extremely comfortable.
A caftan can be especially useful during very hot weather, especially if it is 100% cotton. Cotton-poly blends tend to retain more body heat. Many people also feel silk is too warm for the hot months.
It is also fairly easy to make a simple caftan. The simple A-line shape lends itself well to those learning how to sew. Essentially, two same size pieces are cut out, and two seams on each side join the caftan. The more elaborate caftan may require more experience. Adding slits, buttons, embroidery or more than one fabric can mean more work.
Most caftans one can purchase in the US are made as one size fits all garments. Generally this appellation means that one size fits most. Those who are diminutive or who wear petite sizes may find a caftan too large. Women who wear plus clothing may also find some caftans a bit too small. Fortunately, stores that specialize in petite or plus size clothing may provide a better fitting caftan.
Written by Tricia Ellis-Christensen
