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What is a Boston Terrier?

S. N. Smith
S. N. Smith

The Boston Terrier, or Boston bull, was given official breed status by the American Kennel Club in 1893. A cross between the now extinct white English terrier and the English bulldog, the Boston terrier, originally bred sometime in the 1880s, is one of the few dog breeds originating in the United States.

A nonsporting dog, the Boston terrier was originally bred for pit fighting. This version, known as the Olde Boston Bulldogge, was considerably larger, weighing about 44 pounds (20 kg). Over the years, offspring of the original cross were bred down, probably with the smaller French bulldog, to produce a more petite version of the Boston terrier, better suited to companionship than carnage.

The Boston Terrier was originally a cross between an English terrier and an English bulldog.
The Boston Terrier was originally a cross between an English terrier and an English bulldog.

Today’s Boston terrier may weigh from 13 to 25 pounds (5.9 to 11.3 kg), averaging 15 pounds (7 kg). Typically, they reach a shoulder height of 15 to 17 inches (38 to 43.2 cm). The coat of the Boston terrier is short, sleek, and smooth, with distinctive markings. The body, ears, and eye areas should be black, brindle, or seal. White should cover the forechest and muzzle, and there should be a white blaze between the eyes. Ideally, there should be a white band around the neck, white hind feet, and white reaching halfway up the forelegs.

The ears of the Boston terrier are erect and should be well proportioned in relation to the size of its head. The muzzle is short and the face is square. The tail is short or nonexistent.

Personality-wise, the Boston terrier is known for its intelligence, independence, and alertness. It can be socialized to get along quite well with children and other pets, and is typically gentle and well behaved. As a breed, it can be willful, and housebreaking issues are sometimes a concern.

Although Boston terriers, on the whole, are a relatively easy-to-maintain breed, they are prone to certain health complaints. Because Boston terriers have large eyes that bulge slightly, they are prone to eye injury. Injuries to the eye may develop into corneal ulcers, which are painful and difficult to treat, and may result in impaired vision or even loss of the eye. Therefore, care must be taken to protect the eyes.

In addition to injury, there are a number of diseases of the eye that the Boston terrier is predisposed to. These include cherry eye, glaucoma, corneal dystrophy, and keratitis sicca, among others. The Canine Eye Registry Foundation (CERF) recommends an annual eye exam for dogs. The best way to prevent many of these conditions is to eliminate them through breeding them out of the gene pool.

Due to its short muzzle, the Boston terrier is sensitive to extremes in temperature and therefore cannot tolerate much activity in either very hot or very cold weather. Their short muzzle also results in a great deal of snorting and loud snoring, and the swallowing of excess air while the dog is eating. The latter causes no discomfort to the dog, though anyone sharing the room shortly thereafter will be less than delighted with the escape of that excess air.

Although they do enjoy a certain amount of activity, Boston terriers do not require a great deal of exercise, making them ideal apartment dwellers. Their average life expectancy is 13 years.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the origin of the Boston Terrier breed?

The Boston Terrier originated in the United States, specifically in Boston, Massachusetts, in the late 19th century. They were initially bred from a cross between the English Bulldog and the now-extinct White English Terrier, and were originally used for pit fighting. Over time, selective breeding softened their temperament, making them the friendly companions we know today.

What are the distinctive physical characteristics of a Boston Terrier?

Boston Terriers are known for their compact size, short tail, and erect ears. They have a smooth coat with a distinctive tuxedo pattern, which can be black, brindle, or seal with white markings. Their large, round eyes and flat face give them an expressive and often endearing appearance. They typically weigh between 10 to 25 pounds, fitting the breed standard.

How is the temperament of a Boston Terrier generally described?

Boston Terriers are affectionate, intelligent, and lively dogs. They are known for their gentle and even temperament, which makes them excellent family pets. They tend to be good with children and other pets, and are known for their strong desire to be part of the family. Their sociable nature often leads them to be friendly with strangers as well.

Are Boston Terriers easy to train?

Yes, Boston Terriers are generally easy to train due to their intelligence and eagerness to please their owners. They respond well to positive reinforcement techniques such as treats and praise. Consistency and patience are key in training, as they can sometimes be stubborn. Early socialization and obedience training are recommended to ensure they develop into well-behaved adults.

What are the exercise requirements for a Boston Terrier?

Boston Terriers require moderate exercise to maintain their health and happiness. Daily walks and playtime are sufficient for this breed. They enjoy activities like fetch and agility training, which also provide mental stimulation. Due to their brachycephalic (short-nosed) nature, it's important to avoid strenuous exercise in extreme weather to prevent respiratory difficulties.

What are some health considerations to keep in mind for Boston Terriers?

Boston Terriers are prone to certain health issues such as brachycephalic syndrome, which affects their breathing, as well as eye problems like cataracts and corneal ulcers. They can also suffer from patellar luxation and deafness. Regular veterinary check-ups and a healthy diet are important to manage these risks. Prospective owners should seek reputable breeders who test for these conditions.

Discussion Comments

Vincenzo

These can be hard to house train, but that is pretty much the case with all terriers. They are very strong willed dogs that can be set in their ways and stubborn.

Fortunately, they are also very social dogs and do tend to want to please the person they bond to. That can be used effectively in house training them. If your Boston terrier is still a young puppy (eight weeks or so) and you don't mind the animal sleeping in your bed, take the dog with you when you go to sleep at night. Hold the dog close and, if it starts to struggle, that is your cue to get up and let it go outside.

After no more than two months you should have a dog that is completely house trained. There are two drawbacks to that method. First, you will lose a of sleep as you stagger through the house with a dog every couple of hours. Second, you will have a dog that will want to sleep right next to you for life.

Terrificli

These can also develop substantial sinus problems due to the pug noses. That is something to get your vet to check on regularly. Oddly, allergies seem fairly common with these dogs. Perhaps the "pug" configuration has something to do with that.

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    • The Boston Terrier was originally a cross between an English terrier and an English bulldog.
      By: Rita Kochmarjova
      The Boston Terrier was originally a cross between an English terrier and an English bulldog.