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What is a Bill of Lading?
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A bill of lading is a type of document that is used to acknowledge the receipt of a shipment of goods. A transportation company or carrier typically issues this document to a shipper. In addition to acknowledging the receipt of goods, the document indicates the particular vessel on which the goods have been placed, their intended destination and the terms for transporting the shipment to its final destination. It also includes a description of the goods that are being shipped, their weight and the other shipping details.

Inland, ocean, through and air waybill are the names given to bills of lading. An inland bill of lading is a document that establishes an agreement between a shipper and a transportation company for the transportation of goods over land. Ocean bills of lading specify the terms between exporters and international carriers for the shipment of goods to overseas locations.

A through bill of lading is a contract that covers the specific terms agreed to by a shipper and carrier when more than one type of transportation is being used. This document can cover the domestic and international transportation of export merchandise. It provides the details of the agreed-upon modes of transportation between specific locations for a set monetary amount.

An air waybill is a bill of lading that establishes the terms of flights for the transportation of goods. The goods could be transported either domestically or internationally. This document also serves as a receipt for the shipper, proving the carrier's acceptance of the shipper's goods and the agreement to carry those goods to a specific airport.

Essentially, an air waybill is a type of through bill of lading. This is because air waybills might cover both international and domestic transportation of goods. By contrast, many ocean shipments require both inland and ocean bills of lading. Inland bills of lading are necessary for the domestic transportation of goods, and ocean bills of lading are necessary for the overseas carriage of goods.

Inland and ocean bills of lading might be negotiable or non-negotiable. If the bill of lading is non-negotiable, the transportation carrier is required to provide delivery only to the consignee named in the document. If the bill of lading is negotiable, the person who has ownership of the bill of lading has the right of ownership of the goods and the right to re-route the shipment. This is sometimes called a bearer bill of lading.

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LogisticsMD
Post 79
@anon243696: Receive booking request from Consignee (port of loading, destination, case count, product, EIN (if new). Send booking request to Carrier. Receive container number and seal number from dreyage (if your consignee is handling it, and wait for them to send it to you. If you're handling the dreyage then ask the CFS for those numbers)

AES filing: Issue the draft BL non-neg, receive approval from consignee. Issue invoice to consignee so you may receive payment.

Pay the carrier to release the cargo via telex or seawaybill, depending on how you have it contracted with the carrier. Once the cargo is released, you are done.

@anon243696: What do you mean by this? Pick up goods at CFS? At CY? At the Discharge port? At the Destination? Are we talking about custom clearance? Terminal handling charges? Prepaid or collect charges?

Please be more specific.

A container is picked up at CFS then dropped off at the appropriate terminal. There the container is loaded onto the vessel to the discharge port. Once the container is discharged it will enter into a bonded warehouse where the inspectors can examine the products and clear customs.

In this case, is the shipper the client? Or the consignee the importer? if that is so, then look up at question no. 1.

Regarding the co-loader? Again, what do you mean by this? A co-loader is an NVOCC like a freight forwarder like yourself. The only difference is that they handle a larger volume so they're able to get rates cheaper than most F/Fs. NVOCCs unlike F/Fs can issue their own B/L, however, they still need to issue a regular ocean B/L to the carrier; they do this so they can hide the charges and the carrier they use.

If you are an F/F getting bookings from NVOCCs go back to question no. 1, but you're going to be the client side feeding information to the NVOCC so they can issue the B/L.

Regarding Cy-cy and cy-dr and passing the B/L. Depending on the type of B/L, the original or seaway bill, the B/L will not have to go anywhere or pass onto anywhere. Again, I don't know what you mean by this. Please be more specific. The Cy-CY scenerio and CY-DR case are very similar. Both cases the cargo has to be released at the time of discharge, not destination. The cargo will be delivered by the carrier from port to bonded warehouse.

LogisticsMD
Post 78
@anon243657: You need to clarify more on this issue, but hope this helps.

You need to first set up a company because you need to report your earned income via commission. If you live in the U.S. then an S-corp will suffice in this case. Get your tax documents ready and then start becoming a "middle-man sales rep".

You can do cash against Documents and have the bill of lading made as an Original. That way even if they receive import documents or copies of the import documents, the importer will not be able to pick up the cargo without the original bill of lading.

LogisticsMD
Post 77
@anon242307: Sorry for the late response. I'm busy at work.

Express bills of lading mean that the product is already released and the cargo will be ready to be picked up at the CY once the ship arrives at the port. Only the original B/L needs to be signed either by the consignor, notify party, or consignee, and on the front or the back. Usually, the only person that who to sign it is the person who endorses the product -- the importer in this case.

I'm guessing you are doing a letter of credit via bank to bank cash against document transfers. In most cases, people will use original B/Ls as collateral. If the consignee doesn't receive the original B/Ls, they won't be able to retrieve the cargo from the port. Hope this helps.

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anon243696
Post 76
@LogisticsMD: I just started interning at a freight forwarder company with no background knowledge of f/f business. So most of the time I didn't know what they were doing and most of the time they were busy and I just couldn't get the whole thing straight in my head. Can you please give me a general idea what the flow is like? What is the procedure from shipper going through f/f to consignee pick up the goods? What is the procedure going through a co-loader? cy-cy and cy-dr how is the b/l passed from the agents to the broker to the customer? There are so many parties involved I'm really confused about the general flow and what procedures are like. Please help!
anon243657
Post 75
I want to know about collection of payments from Buyers. I don't have my own company but I have buyers who are ready to buy products on my behalf. Please tell me what should I do?
anon242307
Post 74
I am an accountant and I am verifying the correct procedure of a company.

In a contract for the accountant of the stock for a product located in the USA and then sent to Europe, I have to verify the bill of lading to find out if the document is correct or not.

The document is a combined bill of lading (express bill lading) with this specification "Number of orginals bill of lading: 0"

The question is the following one: given that 0 implies no original is required, do I need a copy signed, anyway? Because the document I see is not signed. Thanks.

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LogisticsMD
Post 73
What is a b/l? Is it issued by the shipper or consignee?

A) Think of a bill of lading like a receipt. When you have a product shipped from point A to point B you receive a bill of lading as proof that the product was shipped. Bills of lading are issued by the company that ships your product (e.g., freight forwarder or carrier). Your shipper or consignee doesn't have to do anything. It's the people who physically move your cargo who will give you the bill of lading.

anon236761
Post 72
What is a b/l? Is it issued by the shipper or consignee?
LogisticsMD
Post 71
Bill of Lading 101: Lifespan of an ocean B/L

First, it is decided whether the B/L is going to be an original or seaway bill (express). This is decided by you and your carrier or your freight forwarder and your carrier.

Then we begin with the non-negotiable draft. Once payment is confirmed, you will receive a release confirmation of the cargo via original or SWB.

If it is SWB, it is already released. Express release is another term used by NVOCCs, but the process is essentially the same. You pay the NVOCC and they will release it via SWB through the carrier. Your SWB is the receipt.

If it is original, you will need to give the original documents to the carrier (this must be endorsed with a signature on the back). This way takes a day and you will receive an email from the carrier with the Telex release confirmation. This telex release is your receipt and confirmation that your cargo will be released upon arrival.

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LogisticsMD
Post 70
"Is it mandatory that a Bill of Lading have Notify Party information if it is the same as the Consignee?"

The answer is No. In fact, you can have the Notify Party as the "Consignee" and have the Consignee part say "To the Order of Shipper". This works perfectly fine. If you're a third party broker and want to be notified of the vessel arriving via arrival notice you can have the third party addressee be the Notify party.

Most B/Ls will have the Consignee information the same as the Notify Party. This is how I would do it if I were to go through a freight forwarder.

anon231389
Post 69
Is it mandatory that a Bill of Lading have Notify Party information if it is the same as the Consignee?
LogisticsMD
Post 68
More answers:

What are the procedural follow ups to export?

A) First and foremost you must have a corporation, set up exporter's license (you can find this on your government website). Depending on the type of commodity there are certain rules and regulations from packing, labeling, stamps, etc. Some countries will have bans on products coming from certain processing and packing plants so you have to be careful and read export and import regulations for each country.

"Problems during delivering of cargo" does the loi (letter of indemnity) replace the bill of lading (b/l)"

What sort of problems? If you were more specific with your questions then I can actually give you some insight.

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LogisticsMD
Post 67
More answers:

Performing vsl is a chartered ship.

Gencon b/l with consignee "to order" and not arrived..."

A) Let me see what you're trying to get at here. The product is sold to consignee therefore the consignee is the only one who can pick up the cargo. The notify party is usually the third party (can be freight forwarder or trader) and has absolutely nothing with the cargo.

If you are trying to change the consignee information at the very last minute to import cargo then you must fix the manifest data of the bill of lading (you have to contact the carrier to change the data).

LOI is probably not sufficient in this case, however, the results will vary depending on the country of import and customs rules and regulations.

At times, you may get lucky with a lenient customs officer and clear customs, but sometimes it won't.

"The person with the ownership of bill of lading. what is meant by this. Is it consignee or consignor?"

A) This depends on the type of bill of lading. If it is original and you the consignor have the originals in the hand, then the consignor is owner until the cargo is released. If you go through a NVOCC or freight forwarder then the consignor doesn't have ownership the NOVCC/FF has the ownership.

"Can the shipping line release cargo to notify party without informing the consignee"

A) A shipping line cannot release cargo to notify party - they are not the consignee. Cargo can only be released to the consignee.

anon228830
Post 66
More answers:

"Please I have some goods to be shipped from London, UK to India. And the term says FOB London port."

A) When you present a B/L with LC the way you issue the B/L is a little different. There are different types of LCs, but whatever contract that is written between the two banks you have to follow the instructions word for word down to the case count, weight, consignor, and consignee address - you may however add your own information as the notify party - if you are a trader.

If you contracted and sold a freight as FOB London port then you don't need to do any of the freight forwarding work. That is up to your consignee to decide. If you contract and bought freight as FOB London port and contracted out CIF destination to your consignee then you must ship out the product for them and use the Original bill of lading as collateral for LC.

When the consignee pays to the bank for the documents, the documents will be released to your consignee which the consignee can release the cargo themselves.

anon228625
Post 65
I am bored so I'm going to answer a few more questions. I wish people would write with better grammar and spelling. It would help me understand what exactly you're trying to get at.

How do I issue a bill of lading and what is the procedure for a bill of lading? This is a silly question. I'm guessing you're starting your own trucking business?

A bill of lading can be made with excel, and depending on the cargo you are shipping there are different ways to present this information.

For trucks, you must indicate the shipper address (that's you), consignee, truck container number, product, product harmonized code, net weight, gross weight, case count. You also have to indicate the payment method, like whether it is going to be collected upon arrival or prepaid, etc.

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anon228624
Post 64
Let me help you answer most of these questions:

How many days after loading a cargo container of a ship, the carrier issues B/L ?

They should give you the B/L the day of ETD. Some will provide you with proofs before the ETD.

What is the difference between a bill of lading and a Waybill?

A bill of lading is non-released cargo. Waybill is auto released cargo. Usually, carriers will issue a bill of lading - non-negotiable as a proof and after the payment has been made they can either Telex release or send a waybill to notify you that the cargo will be released upon arrival.

What is meant by the shipper has already surrendered the bill of lading?

This means you should have received a Telex Release to let you know that the original bill of lading has been released to the carrier and that the cargo will be released upon arrival.

"We paid a company s&h to ship goods to my husbands company... What are our options in having this corrected?"

You have to file a claim to the company that shipped your product and tell them that it was their fault of issuing a bad B/L - when the freight was prepaid and was written as "collect" on the B/L. I'm assuming this is truck delivery.

"I have a problem where TNT have lost my original Bill Of Lading."

You tell the carrier that the original B/L has been destroyed on accident and they must reissue another set of original documents. If you ask nicely, they will print you new originals and tell them your situation. Be honest.

"In FOB incoterms, Carrier has made an error in the bill of lading..."

If it was C&F the Carrier is responsible. If FAS, the shipper is responsible. If FOB, the shipper is responsible.

Explain the need for bonded warehouses.

I don't know why this is here. Products that are imported must go into bonded warehouses where an inspector can inspect the products and clear customs.

Explain the difference between a bill of lading and express bl.

An express B/L is prepaid by the freight forwarder. Normally, you would have to pay to release the cargo, but when it is express the cargo is paid for by the freight forwarder.

anon228618
Post 63
I understand you can assign one booking number for multiple containers and one b/l for multiple containers.

Before, I was doing one booking per one B/L, but recently I found out that each B/L has a handling fee for both the exporter and importer.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having multiple containers on one B/L?

anon176486
Post 61
how is the shipping bill presented.
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anon150777
Post 60
For switch BL, can we change the details of the consignee, shipper, port of loading, port of discharge?
anon146807
Post 59
what are the remedies to a buyer from a wrongful issuing of a bill of lading?
anon132492
Post 57
I would like to know the meaning of Linner out in bill of leading.
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anon100955
Post 54
can you tell me what is bol charter freight, etc.? Please tell me
anon100426
Post 53
how do I issue a bill of lading and what is the procedure for a bill of lading?
anon94235
Post 52
Please clarify for me what is the different of House Bill of lading and Mater Bill of Lading? What is the consequence or impact if using house bill of lading for CFR?
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anon92585
Post 51
Kindly explain what is different between a bill of lading and express bl.
anon89227
Post 50
Does your freight forwarder have to provide you with the airway bills?
anon88993
Post 49
Can someone in the house tell me the difference between an Airway bill and a Bill of Lading.

Why is the ownership of a bill of lading not endorsable or transferable while that of Airway bill does?

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anon88158
Post 48
Explain the need for bonded warehouses.
anon86955
Post 47
I'm going to start a freight forwarding company and need to register a House Bill of lading in my company name. Please help me to register the House bill of lading and tell me where i need to register.

Ramesh

anon86642
Post 46
Please let me know about the vessels?
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anon82742
Post 44
how to issue a bill of lading?
anon74255
Post 42
which procedure should follow for frozen exports and how can I save some extra expense?

anon70267
Post 41
In FOB incoterms, Carrier has made an error in the Bill of lading, which lead to demurrage charges at the destination. Who is responsible for this charge, Seller, Buyer or Carrier?
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anon65983
Post 40
i want to export steel from india. Please let me know about the basic procedure like LC and FOB.
gsk
Post 39
what is isf filing?
anon61392
Post 37
what are the procedural followups to export?
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anon60118
Post 35
I want to know what is the procedure of shipment? I mean if I send a container from country to country so please explain me A to Z. I'll be thankful to you.

anon60096
Post 34
the bill of lading has been lost by the forwarder. can you tell me who is responsible to issue a new bill of lading then?
anon59219
Post 33
I am confused. What bill of lading do i give to my appointed agent overseas! Who will send my containers back to India with their cargo!

I thought of sending the same bills of lading which i have sent in the past or i may process this, based on a bill of lading?

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anon53495
Post 32
What does the term "negotiable document" mean?
anon50591
Post 31
in response to 30 and 27, i hope it is not too late. to amend the terms, if it will be shipped from london (same applies for nagos) it cannot be named as London FOB, the incoterms should be either FOB London or CIF India (i.e.nhava sheva). first one technically means the shipper will bear all the responsibility after the goods are on board at the origin port,latter one means shipper will bear all the responsibility until the goods are off-board at the port of destination. Please do not confuse incoterms with payment terms. for payment process generally, unless otherwise agreed, the consignee is charged for the freight when it is FOB, and the shipper is charged when CIF.
anon46096
Post 30
I am holding now an invoice, purchase orders and bill of lading. The delivery term is FOB Japan and payment term is 30 days due net by telegraphic transfer after delivery of spare parts and invoice. My question is when will be the invoice be due? When shall I pay this invoice? Invoice date is the eighth of the month and Bill of lading date of issue is the twelfth of the same month.
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anon43596
Post 29
what is the difference between a bill of entry and bill of lading? --Md. Ataour Rahaman

anon43137
Post 28
Please I have some goods to be shipped from London, UK to India. And the term says FOB London port. who will be issued the BOL because the payment instrument is an LC against documents. I need to understand something here, knowing that the buyer will be paying for the freight. And i need to tender the BOL to receive my payment.
anon42258
Post 27
Please I have some goods to be shipped from Lagos, Nigeria to Israel. And the term says FOB Lagos port. who will be issued the BOL because the payment instrument is an LC against documents. I need to understand something here, knowing that the buyer will be paying for the freight. And i need to tender the BOL to receive my payment. I need a serious explanation. Thanks
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fmccarville
Post 26
I have a problem where TNT have lost my original Bill Of Lading. My products from China have arrived in the UK, but i cannot get them as the shipping company needs the original bill of lading. What do i need to do to get my cargo released?
fmccarville
Post 25
can a carrier in whose warehouse the goods are kept release the goods without the bill of lading on the directions by the company?
fmccarville
Post 24
Problems during delivering of cargo" does the loi (letter of indemnity) replace the bill of lading (b/l)
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anon37559
Post 22
can a carrier in whose warehouse the goods are kept release the goods without the bill of lading on the directions by the company?
anon37250
Post 21
what is the difference between negotiable and non negotiable bill of lading?
dolamoitra
Post 19
please tell me the difference between negotiable & non-negotiable document?

what is difference between non-negotiable document and seaway bills?

what is difference between bill of lading and sea way bill?

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anon27191
Post 18
Can an ocean bill of lading have 'NIL' originals issued at origin? Does this deem it to be an Express release? Can consignee obtain delivery against a non-negotiable copy, as NIL originals were issued?
DONx1234567
Post 17
please tell me what is different between non-negotiable and seaway bills.
anon23082
Post 16
"Problems during delivering of cargo" does the loi (letter of indemnity) replace the bill of lading (b/l)""
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anon22505
Post 15
what is "clean" and "clause" bill of lading?
dumy
Post 14
Can the shipping line release cargo to Notify Party without informing the consignee if the Bill of Lading indicates 2 different parties as consignee and notify party (eg. consignee is coy. ABC and Notify Party is coy. XYZ). The Original Bill of Lading has been surrendered at Port of Loading.
anon21128
Post 13
Need to know who is the owner of a House B/L & Ocean B/L ??
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anon20264
Post 12
Actually a through bill of lading can be used for an ocean shipment, as long as the carrier arranges for transportation from the shippers site through to the consignees delivery site
anon18844
Post 11
We paid a company s&h to ship goods to my husbands company, the shipment was received and the warehouseman signed for the invoice showing "prepaid" and zero balance. We just received a bill stating my husbands company owes for that pick up and delivery. We contacted the freight co to let them know the company we dealt with is responsible since we paid them s&h. The freight co states the BOL is a legal document and can not be changed. It's a fact the BOL was set up incorrectly having my husbands company the bill to party. What are our options in having this corrected?
anon18491
Post 10
Whether the Master of the vessel can deliver the goods without production of original bill of lading duly endorsed by the consignee.

Whether after unloading of goods at destination can the shipper issue fresh Bill of lading of the same no and date, in the name of other consignee.

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shuping
Post 9
what is meant by the shipper already surrendered the bill of lading?
anon12642
Post 8
pls explain. where do i register my bill of lading for imports into India

anon12562
Post 7
I would like to know about the terms & procedure to start of NVOCC like registration in India, port, DGFT, Shipping Line, customs or any govt. authorities..Also let me know the brief details for NVOCC.
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anon11033
Post 6
the person with the ownership of bill of lading. what is meant by this. Is it consignee or consignor?
anon10608
Post 5
What is the difference between Bill of Lading & Waybill
anon9266
Post 4
performing vsl is a chartered ship.

gencon b/l with consignee "to order" and not arrived. the charterer request to deliver cgo against LOI, to the receiver which is not the same with notify party. pls tell me whether owners can deliver cgo to the receiver which has no name in b/l. is the LOI sufficient for release cgo.

with many thanks.

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anon4614
Post 3
How many days after loading a cargo container of a ship, the carrier issues B/L ?
anon3943
Post 2
can you please tell me where the bill of lading is registered before issuing to the customer after, accepting his goods for carriage for transportation in the ship?

if i have started my company as an nvocc operator , in INDIA and i have my containers, and do my nvocc operation port to port through my appointed agent, now i must give him my company bill of lading FOR all his biz transactions.

If in India - I register my company with DG shipping and issue my company bill of lading, this will take care of my export.

What bill of lading i give to my appointed agent overseas? Who will send my containers back to India with their cargo?

pls explain. where do i register my bill of lading for imports into India

anon2431
Post 1
Why there can be multiple BOL # assigned to on BOL?

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