Dysentery is an infection that usually causes diarrhea. The infection is often passed on through improper hygiene. One of the most common causes of dysentery is not washing the hands after using public toilets.

Dysentery is spread from person to person. It is very common for one person in a family to pass it on to the rest of the family members. From there, it can be passed on to numerous people in the general public. The infection can last and be spread for around four weeks.

Dysentery can also be spread through contaminated food. Poor countries that have inadequate sanitation systems can be rife with dysentery. The water systems in these countries can be very infectious. This is why people are advised not to drink the water or take ice in their drinks in certain countries.

There are two main types of dysentery: bacillary and amoebic dysentery. Of the two, bacillary is more common. In this infection, the dysentery organism called Shigella enters through the mouth and multiplies in the bowel. The symptoms of this type of dysentery are usually mild and disappear within a few days to a week.

The main symptom of bacillary infection is usually severe diarrhea. It can be watery and sometimes contains blood or pus. There may also be vomiting, fever and abdominal pains.

Amoebic dysentery can stay in the body’s system for months, sometimes years, without symptoms. However, the infection can be passed on when the person goes to the toilet. Poor hygiene standards contribute to the infection being passed from the toilet to other people.

Symptoms of amoebic dysentery are similar to those of the bacillary variety. However, there may be more blood in the stool and defecation may be painful. This is because the infection attacks the large intestine and causes it to bleed.

Dysentery usually clears up on its own. Fluids must be replaced immediately if the diarrhea and vomiting are severe. Minerals and salts that are lost also need to be replaced. In severe cases, hospital treatment may be necessary. If the infection does not leave the body, then a doctor can administer antibiotics.

Antibiotics may also be given to prevent the infection of other people. It is very important to be aware of the sanitary and hygiene levels in foreign countries when travelling. Drinking only bottled water will reduce the risk of dysentery infection.