Any women who have experienced breast tenderness before a period understand how painful this condition can be. Typically, this pain is caused primarily by changes in estrogen and progesterone levels. Other cases of breast tenderness, however, include the consumption of certain foods, especially those rich in animal fats and caffeine. Those who experience breast tenderness before a period are usually encouraged to use over-the-counter medications to treat the symptoms of their pain. Women who do not achieve relief through these medications may be required to take prescription pills. Those who have severe breast pain or experience it only on one side of the body should seek medical assistance, as this may be indicative of breast cancer.

In most cases, the most common cause of breast tenderness before a period is due to changes in hormone levels in the female body. Estrogen and progesterone are the two main hormones that can lead to breast tenderness. Typically, these hormones begin to increase in concentration at the start of ovulation. Estrogen and progesterone lead to breast tenderness through their ability to increase fluid retention in the body. When this fluid is retained in the breasts, painful swelling and aching can occur.

Another common cause of breast tenderness before a period has been linked to the consumption of certain foods. Coffee and other foods rich in caffeine have been found to be a major culprit, as a chemical contained in these foods can lead to the dilation of blood vessels in the breasts, causing further fluid retention. Other foods such as animal fats and dairy products have also been linked to breast tenderness before a period. Though the cause of breast pain associated with the consumption of these foods remains relatively unknown, some believe that hormones used in these foods can be passed on to the consumer, and lead to even higher hormone levels.

Typically, those that experience the most severe symptoms of breast tenderness before a period are encouraged use use over-the-counter pain relievers. Women who do not experience relief with these medications may require prescription medications. In addition, for some, chemical birth control can limit breast tenderness before a period.

Women who have severe breast pain, or experience it only on one side of the body should seek medical assistance as soon as possible. In some cases, this type of pain may be indicative of breast cancer. In other cases, a noncancerous breast tumor may be to blame for breast tenderness before a period.