An allergic reaction in the mouth can stem from a wide range of causes, from certain foods to the use of specific medications. Signs of an allergic reaction often are present in the mouth and tongue and also can even reach the throat. An individual should know the many signs of an allergic reaction in the mouth so that he or she can pinpoint what is causing the problem, seek appropriate medical treatment, and avoid the problem’s cause in the future.
Food allergies can cause problems in the mouth, including rashes and itching when certain food items come into contact with an individual’s mouth or lips. Called oral allergy syndrome, these mouth allergy symptoms typically appear in people who are allergic to substances such as ragweed, grass, or birch tree pollens — pollens also commonly found in certain fresh produce such as apples and melons. An allergic reaction in the mouth such as itching usually starts a couple hours after a person eats an allergy-causing food item.
Canker sores also can be signs of oral allergy issues. These types of sores that indicate an allergic reaction in the mouth are in the category of gastrointestinal allergic reactions to food, which additionally includes irritation of the tongue. Sores usually appear in groups, or a sole canker sore could develop on a person’s gum tissue. These sores are shallow and painful symptoms of an allergic reaction in the mouth.
Mouth sores additionally can indicate an allergic oral condition known as lichen planus. Lichen planus is a white fungal mouth rash that appears on the tongue, gums, and cheeks in the form of dots and lines and can cause pain. When a person attempts to wipe this white substance off, he or she could uncover bleeding gum tissue. Causes of lichen planus include toothpastes, tooth filling materials, and medicines. Chewing gum and candy also are linked to the allergic reaction in the mouth of lichen planus.
A swollen tongue also can be an indication of an allergic reaction to a drug. Medications including naproxen, ibuprofen, or aspirin might cause the tongue to swell, which essentially is the body’s defense mechanism to deal with injury. A drug used to address high blood pressure, known as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, additionally can contribute to a swollen tongue. The tongues of people who are allergic to bee stings are prone to swelling when these individuals experience a bee attack as well. Swollen lips and throats actually also can result from bee stings and are other signs of an allergic reaction in the mouth.
