What are the Effects of Potassium Deficiency?

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Potassium is a mineral necessary to good health. It maintains the water and acid balance in blood and tissue cells, assists in muscle building, and transmits electrical signals between cells and nerves. Early symptoms of hypokalemia, or potassium deficiency, include dry skin, muscle weakness, fatigue and slow reflexes. If the deficiency develops rapidly, heart problems may result. Left unchecked, a condition known as hypokalemic paralysis may develop, in which the entire body goes stiff. This is a very serious condition requiring immediate medical attention.

Potassium is available in large quantities in many foods. Beef, chicken and fish such as cod, salmon, and sardines all have significant amounts of potassium. Good vegetable sources include peas, tomatoes, leafy greens, lima beans and potato skins. Bananas, melons, apricots and citrus fruits are also rich in potassium. Dried fruits such as mangoes and apricots provide concentrated sources of potassium, as do nuts and chocolate. Accordingly, a diagnosis of potassium deficiency is not usually due to a dietary deficiency.

Known causes of potassium deficiency include excessive diarrhea and vomiting. The treatment in these cases should be for the diarrhea and vomiting, and ensuring there continues to be sufficient potassium in the diet. Mineral supplements may also be necessary. If the vomiting is self-induced, as in bulimia, psychiatric treatment may be indicated.

Hyperthyroidism, an illness of the thyroid, the main hormone producing gland, is also known to cause potassium deficiency. It, in turn, may be caused by an imbalance in other minerals similar to potassium such as magnesium, sodium and calcium. There are numerous treatments available for hyperthyroidism, all requiring some level of medical supervision.

Medications known to increase the likelihood of potassium deficiency include diuretics, cortisones and drugs for controlling high blood pressure. Alternate medications and/or treatments can be explored with a medical professional. If changing medications is not feasible, it may be necessary to supplement with potassium or mineral tablets.

It has been suggested that potassium deficiency may be a side effect of malfunctioning kidneys that contributes to rheumatoidal arthritis; currently there is little data to support this theory. However, hyperkalemia, or excessive potassium in the blood, has been linked to kidney problems.

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27
I'm an 18 year old boy, and have potassium deficiency, i always seem to feel tired and weak, like i've got a virus, could this be due to the lack of poatssium in my system? thanks
- anon35139
26
I am a 16 year old girl and was diagnosed with potassium deficiency, I get severe random leg cramps. They last 15 to 30 minutes and occasionally I lose complete feeling in them. Doctor said to eat potassium rich foods, which generally works... it is both scary and painful otherwise. People tend to laugh it off but don't doubt the seriousness of this condition - I was horseback riding and my left calf seized, causing me to nearly get killed.
- anon34381
25
It seems really hard to find supplements/vitamins/foods with enough Potassium in them. Bananas and yogurt, but even Potassium vitamins don't have much.
- anon34272
24
I'm a 29 year old male and last Sunday woke to no feelings in my leg. Was rushed to the hospital to an IV of Potassium - this was a a very very painful 2 hours.

Since then, after many blood tests, later my doctors are clueless on why it went dangerously low?!?

I am going back again to the hospital next week for further tests and will update you all then.

Very scared at the moment but I have feelings back in my legs again ( even though they feel really weak!).

Dara

- anon34169
23
Okay folks - let's get the big question answered - can a lack of potassium kill you and the answer is *yes*.

How, you wonder?

Potassium and magnesium are crucial for cellular conductivity. Become deficient in potassium and most likely your magnesium is off too. Doctors still can't quite grasp the connection between the two minerals but one without the other leads to cellular death. The cells cannot properly function and start losing their cohesiveness. Before your body let's cell death occur it will pillage stores for the missing elements. Have you noticed your muscles getting weaker? That's your body cannibalizing itself and the cells losing their ability to transfer oxygen in and out of themselves.

I am having the symptoms, can it get worse from here?

Yes, yes it can. Your heart is a muscle, the lack of key elements in your blood inhibits normal function. If your heart is becoming stiff and is unable to pump blood the way it should you can die from congestive heart failure or cariogenic shock.

By the way for those who are curious the big three that are most often prescribed together is Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium.

You have a gastric shortening of the bowels, intestines, and/or stomach and you seem to be low on your potassium - what you can do:

This is for all you folks with an olio or gastric bypass. Your biggest danger is diarrhea. As your system flushes out you lose magnesium and as stated before cells need magnesium and potassium. The more dumping you do from your system the faster your become depleted. Take special care during these time to up your magnesium and potassium intakes.

If you have a shortened GI track you will become deficient far sooner then "normal" people. Avoid high fiber at these times, go to a Brat diet - tons of fluids (hydration), soft easily digested foods like bananas, arrow root cookies, saltines, and clear broth. There are diarrhea cures in your pharmacy that can help you to slow down. If you are getting chest pains, muscle cramping, numbness, dizzy spells and dry mouth please head to the doctor's or emergency department - your body is telling you that your are in trouble.

The longer you wait to get help the longer and harder it is to rebuild your body. There are long term consequences for depletion: muscle loss, decreased hearing and visual function, decreased mental recall.

For pregnant women - do not muck about. There are several forms of calcium on the market today: liquids, capsules, tablets that dissolve in water, and chewable. Remember that you aren't the only person being deprived of nutrients your unborn child can suffer long term effects of deficiencies. Go to your local pharmacy or health food shop and look for alternative supplements. Lastly look to change your diet and eat increased amount of foods that contain what you are lacking.

I hope that some of the above was helpful. I am a full time caregiver to my mother who is chronically short on potassium, magnesium and calcium. She has an ilio bypass.

- anon30586
22
My mother has not been feeling well. She takes 22mg of Potassium which she gets as a prescription. I have potassium which is 99mg. She was told one week by her doctor's office that her potassium was low and she asked if she should increase her dose and was told to eat a banana and drink oj which she already does.

Then a week later was told that the potassium was normal. Her symptoms are exactly as described, she also takes a diuretic and blood pressure medicine. Can you advise?

thank you, hockeymom51

- anon29583
21
An error above: Club Soda does not contain Quinine. *Tonic* water contains quinine. Club Soda however does often contain potassium sulfate or potassium bicarbonate so it would be good to drink to replete K.
- anon29416
19
yes too much potassium is bad for you which is called "hyperkalemia" and a deficiency is called "hypokalemia" and both in extreme circumstances are fatal. i see many are suffering a form of deficiency and the best way to combat this is by supplementing the diet with food *not tablets*! the best way to make sure that you acquire the right amounts would be to have and avocado for breakfast around 100g in weight and 250ml of fresh orange juice, also a banana for a 10:00 snack, following this you should more than adequately supplement your daily potassium requirements. those of you that are suffering form hypokalemia consult this with your doctor before to establish whether you are hypo or hyperkaliemic as both symptoms can be very similar. Also have on going blood test to see that this small diet change is doing the trick, just in case there is something else that may be the problem. however in the deficiency cases 90% of the time this does work, and also having a positive outlook into your health will help too.

-i hope this is of help to you-phil

- philipphlop
18
Seeing several of the questions, I thought perhaps I might be able to give some answers. I'm not in the medical field, but rather a patient who's seen many drs and has learned a great deal through my own experiences. (I've dealt only with the low potassium side).

1. q: why does potassium help leg cramps?

a: The body regulates on a balance of potassium of calcium & potassium. If the calcium is too high, lactic acid will build up in the legs causing cramps & pain. try eating more potassium rich foods, and check with your dr.

For twitchy legs, try a splash of club soda. The quinine in the club soda helps calm the muscles and works pretty fast. I'd recommend mixing it with some juice though, unless you like straight club soda. Try a small amount at first, you can always try more later. The key is the quinine.

2. q: is 2.9 a dangerous level for potassium?

a: when I was recently in the hospital, my potassium was 2.1 and I was told that I was at serious risk for future complications. They said they would release me when my potassium was raised to 3.4. (I think they said normal levels are 3.4 to 4.7, but definitely check with your doctor as those levels may only be specific to my body type).

3. q. can high/low potassium numbers be fatal?

a. yes, if the imbalance is great enough it can wreak havoc on your body and you risk the great possibility of multiple organ failure, especially the heart, thereby leading to death. Your Dr can draw blood to check on your potassium levels.

When I was admitted to the hospital, I was having a terrible time breathing normally & by the time I got to the hospital, i was starting to have a paralytic episode. I was given a potassium IV as well as started on antibiotics (due to fever). Yes, the potassium IV hurt!!! They are most likened to putting battery acid in your veins. I had my IV in my hand and the pain radiated up to my elbow. It's the worst pain I've ever felt, but 2 ice packs wrapped around my arm helped make it bearable - so did the fact of knowing it would be over in 2 hours. After the IV was finished, the pain went away within a short while.

Now I have a question - I have a small mass near my parathyroid, and sometimes my potassium levels come back just fine, others not. The Dr's do not know why though - could this mass be contributing to the imbalance?

- anon24823
17
I'm under recovery from the CO poisoning. After the incident my lower body is very weak especially my right leg. Someone told me to take some Potassium and dehydration salt. Will it help? I need a fast recovery but not immediate because i need to take a flight soon?
- nelson21s
16
I am 2 1/2 months pregnant with my 3rd child. I was in the ER about 2 weeks ago with chest pain, vomiting and weakness. I was told my potassium was very very low and I was at risk of Heart and kidney failure. They tried to give me potassium through IV but my veins hurt so much that I couldn't handle it, I was given oral potassium to take 3 times a day for 3 days. I can't stomach them so I have not taken them. In the past couple days I have increased pain in my heart, kidneys, liver and belly. I am also very tired and horribly weak.... I have an appointment in 2 days to see what can be done, but does anyone know if Potassium Deficiency can ultimately kill you???
- mom2three09
15
my mother has been to the ER twice in the last month for chest pains and been told both times that it was a potassium deficiency. She is 66 yrs. old. Is this normal for this age? She has asthma real bad and takes several meds. on a daily basis for this. She has been under a dr.'s care for as long as I can remember for different health problems. She is raising a great grandchild who is 4 and has 2 grandchildren who live in the home along with a 1 yr. old that one of the grandkids brought back with them. I am concerned that she is headed for a heart attack. I have investigated enough to know that if a woman is experiencing a heart attack that the symptoms can be very different than a man.
- michelin
14
One month following surgery for colon cancer, during which 13 inches of my colon and 9 inches of my small intestine were removed, I suffered a case of hypokalemia, or potassium deficiency. It was caused by excessive diarrhea, which I was told I would have, but the doctors never warned me that hypokalemia could be a result. Actually, I thought I was either experiencing symptoms of either an impending stroke or a heart attack. It developed over a matter of days. First, my arms began "going to sleep" when in an elevated position. Later, my legs began going numb when I'd cross them. I didn't think much of it at first, but when my face and scalp went numb, I reported to the nearest emergency room. The ER doc mentioned that the numbness might be caused by a tumor in my brain, which made sense since I had just been cured of one tumor. For two hours after the CT scan of my head, I sat in the ER waiting for the doc to come in and give me the bad news. You can imagine my relief when he told me that the blood work had come back showing that the problem was a low potassium level. For the past two days, I've taken potassium supplements, a medication to slow the diarrhea, and a helluva lot of bananas. I don't mean to make light of the condition. Hypokalemia can have very serious consequences. If you're having any of these symptoms, please see a doctor immediately. Hope yours is better than mine (the jerk).
- sandman752
13
My mom's lower "eyelid" twitches randomly. Could this be an affect of potassium deficiency?
- greentea131
12
i am a 28 year old male and i have potassium deficiency. when my potassium drops too low i get muscle paralysis. what i want to know is, is it fatal to take to much potassium?
- anon13216
Editor's reply: check out our article,what are the effects of elevated potassium levels?, for more information on too much potassium.
11
i am a COPD patient and have been on steroids for 8 years . whatever symptoms i get now are attributed to steroid use . Are the following caused by long term steroids use ? and can i do or take anything to help the situation

1 half cramps on the hand near the fingers

2 restlessness on the lower feet when i lie down

3 i am 58 yrs old but my skin has started to look aged alarmingly, and bruises at the slightest contact.

- tanko12
10
Hi I am an herbalist and Certified Natural Health Professional, and have a client that has several night cramps in her legs after she has an alcoholic drink, we have tried Magnesium, only a little helpful, she can't take Calcium, and Potassium seems to be the one that helps the most. I don't understand why the Potassium would be the most helpful. And how much should she take.

Renee

- anon9442
9
To Anonymous: Yes, Leg cramps can be caused by potassium deficiency. But it can happen because of other minerals deficiency too. So it's quite hard to tell.
- anon4434
8
can having a potassium deficiency be fatal?
- aszatko
7
Is a potassium level of 2.9 dangerous?
- anon3809
6
I have blood vessels break in my fingers approx every 6 - 8 weeks. Could this be a result of not enough potassium? I had my blood checked recently and my potassium & protein levels were low.
- anon2396
5
I did a bit of research, and sources on the web cite anything between 4700 milligrams and 2500 milligrams per day. As the article says, there's no specified amount though.
- Dayton
4
What should be the daily intake of potassium?
- Kandi320
2
I get a tremendous amount of leg cramps, particularly while sleeping. Can this be caused by a deficiency in potassium?
- anon2167
1
is too much potassium harmful?
- anon1193

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