Urea generally refers to an organic chemical compound typically found in the urine of mammals. There are many different uses and applications of it, such as in feedstock, glue, fertilizer, commercial products, and resin production. It is widely used in many developing parts of the world and is popular on international trading markets due to its cheap production and transportation costs. It is sometimes also known as carbamide.

Urea is an organic compound that was first observed in urine by the French chemist Hialire Rouele. It was also the first organic compound to be produced synthetically from non-organic materials by the German chemist Friedrich Wohler. This was a significant event in the history of chemistry, as it helped discount the notion that there is some fundamental difference between organic and inorganic matter. In human beings, urea is a very important part of the metabolic system, in which its primary function is as a carrier of waste nitrogen.

The most common application of urea is as a type of fertilizer. Over 90% of the world's production of the substance is done for fertilizer-related products. When used in this way, it usually takes the form of granules, prills, or crystals. These may be manually distributed by farmers or scattered with the aid of farming equipment. It is also often used in fertilizing solutions, since it is highly water soluble.

As a base product in the manufacture of resins, urea is often combined with formaldehyde. This mixture has many different types of practical applications, such as functioning as an adhesive or being used for the production of plastics. It is also commonly employed as a coating for materials, such as textiles and paper.

Urea is often used in cattle feed or as feedstock for other animals. It is usually considered to be an effective feed, since it contains nitrogen, which can generally aid animal growth. The relatively cheap price of products made with it also makes this feed a popular choice for many farmers.

A lot of commercial products also incorporate urea. Hair conditioners or tooth-whitening products often use it. Facial cleaners may also contain it, since it can help in hydrating the skin. Some cigarette brands also add it as a flavor enhancer. It can also be found in many cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, flame retardants, and dish soaps. Urea can also be used in an eco-friendly way to reduce fuel emissions from power plants and diesel engines.