There are almost as many types of fishing poles as there are fish. One way to break down the choices is to consider where you'll be fishing. Freshwater fishing poles are different from saltwater or ocean fishing poles, usually much smaller.

Among freshwater fishing poles there are rod and reel fishing poles, fly fishing poles, catfish poles, crappie poles, and cane fishing poles. The reel, on rod and reel fishing poles, can be closed, open, or a specialty reel called a baitcaster. The difference is usually important to the individual angler. Some anglers feel that with a closed reel the fishing line tangles more easily than with an open reel. Others have found the complicated baitcaster not worth the expense.

Fly fishing poles are used in trout fishing, however they can also be used for other types of fish as well. It takes a little more practice to get the hang of dancing the fly above the water, but many anglers find the experience rewarding. Anglers who enjoy fly fishing may also enjoy tying their own flies. Most well stocked fishing supply stores will have a variety of flies to choose from if you're just getting started.

Catfish and crappie poles are both different types of rod and reel fishing poles. Catfish poles are stiff and are usually made with extra support to bear the weight and fight of a catfish. Crappie poles are smaller and more limber than a catfish pole. Cane poles are another type of catfish pole and does not have reel. Basically it's a piece of cane with fishing line.

Like freshwater fishing poles, saltwater poles break down into several categories. Most anglers divide saltwater poles by location; inshore, offshore, and surf fishing poles. The biggest difference in these categories is the weight of the type of fish each pole is designed to catch.

Inshore fishing is done from shallow water and sometimes from a pier. Inshore fishing poles are designed to catch fish up to about twenty pounds (9 kg). Offshore fishing, or deep sea fishing, require poles that can be huge. They often require addition support as some fish can be more than 300 pounds (136 kg). Surf fishing is unique in that the pole must be long and thin, flexible enough to get the cast beyond the waves to where the fish are. A surf fishing pole can be as long as 14 feet (4 m).

Some newer poles are made of graphite, which is stronger than the traditional cane or fiberglass poles. Graphite is also a better choice as it is less likely to break. Another factor to consider is weight. Weight will make a difference after a full day of fishing; the lighter the better.