Many medical conditions and activities can cause hip and pelvic pain. A couple common conditions are caused by sports injuries. Stress fractures often cause generalized pain around the affected bones and are common causes of hip and pelvic pain. Another sports injury that frequently causes this type of pain is a pulled muscle, which occurs when muscles tear after being overstretched. In addition, another condition that often involves hip and pelvic pain is endometriosis in women, which occurs when endometrial cells develop outside the uterine cavity.

One common cause of hip and pelvic pain is a stress fracture, which is ultimately caused by damaging stress received by participating in activities like sports, as opposed to bone fractures, which are caused by direct injuries. Hip and pelvic pain that is caused by stress fractures can often be tricky to diagnose or rule out. Stress fractures often cause generalized pain, and the pain might only affect the damaged person while he or she is undertaking certain activities. An example of a sport that frequently results in leg stress fractures is running. During running, both the muscles and bones of the leg absorb impact from the activity, and as the muscles become fatigued, an unusual amount of stress is placed on the bones of the legs.

Another common cause of hip and pelvic pain are pulled muscles, more technically known as muscle strains. In addition to pain, muscle strains often present with symptoms like bruising and stiffness in the affected and surrounding areas. Muscle strains happen when muscle fibers are torn due to being overstretched, which can be caused by a variety of both deliberate and non-deliberate physical actions. The term RICE, an acronym standing for rest, ice compression, and elevation, is used to describe the standard way of dealing with pulled muscles. More advanced medical diagnosis and care may be needed in some cases.

Endometriosis is a condition that affects only women and usually has generalized hip and pelvic pain as the primary symptom. This condition usually affects women of only child-bearing age and is defined as having cells that are supposed to develop only in the uterine cavity developing in other locations. Though pain in the pelvis and surrounding area is the most common primary symptom, there are other symptoms that can affect women with endometriosis. A couple of these symptoms are increased frequency and pain urinating, pain during sexual intercourse, and various gastrointestinal problems.